Evolution of photoreceptors as illuminated by fossils and development

化石和发展揭示的光感受器的进化

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-04825
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The long-term Aim of my Program is to make foundational insights into photoreceptor evolution and visual ecology. We accomplish this principally by comparing the development (evo-devo) of photoreceptors between disparate vertebrates and between ontogenetic stages. We often use zebrafish as a platform to experimentally test the novel hypotheses generated from exploring other more interesting animals (jawless fishes, migrating fishes, crustaceans). In the coming years we will investigate provocative new ideas emerging from our recent work:*** The majority of Mammalian rod photoreceptors develop and evolved from cone photoreceptors, especially from the short-wavelength-sensitive (SWS- or UV-) cones;*** To refine cell type homology concepts, and to test if rod photoreceptors evolved from SWS cones, we will compare the propensity of the 4 cone types to transdifferentiate into rods;*** The identity and evolution of rods vs. cones can be revealed in hagfish (thus revealing early vertebrate evolution) by assessing expression of key developmental genes alongside incisively testing hagfish gene function in our zebrafish platform. ***My HQP will be well-positioned to make foundational insights into the biology and evolution of the duplex retina, i.e. the biology behind possessing both rods and cones that has empowered the immense success of the vertebrate radiation.******Further, we remain puzzled and fascinated by the elaborately arrayed patterns of photoreceptors observed in the retinas of most animals (though lost in mammals). Our genetic approaches in zebrafish continue to reveal mechanisms of this photoreceptor mosaic formation and mosaic functions. To complement this, we will expand our Program now to compare to the development of photoreceptor arrays in crustaceans. Ontogenetic changes in ommatidia and photoreceptor patterning therein has striking (presumably convergent?) similarities to those of fish photoreceptors. Decapod crustaceans (crabs, crayfish, etc.) of special interest have square (“reflecting mirror box”) ommatidia, however they BEGIN larval life with the familiar hexagonal ommatidia. Amazingly, and unlike in vertebrates, these photoreceptor morphologies are well-preserved in the fossil record. We will compare fossils to the ommatidia and photoreceptor complement in extant crabs and shrimps, with special focus on arrays that change during ontogeny and/or have regional specialization such that multiple morphologies occur simultaneously in each individual eye. ******Understanding the evolution of vertebrate photoreceptors is hampered by lack of fossil record. My HQP overcome this challenge via two strategies: First: by comparing the developmental program that produces photoreceptors, we will uniquely reveal ancient homologies. Second: we will identify the pitfalls and opportunities of this evo-devo approach, as applied to sensory systems, by interrogating a developmental system that can be calibrated against fossil photoreceptors.**
我的计划的长期目标是使感光细胞进化和视觉生态的基础见解。我们主要通过比较不同脊椎动物和个体发育阶段之间光感受器的发育(evo-devo)来实现这一点。我们经常使用斑马鱼作为实验平台,以测试探索其他更有趣的动物(无颌鱼,洄游鱼类,甲壳类动物)所产生的新假设。在未来的几年里,我们将研究从我们最近的工作中出现的挑衅性的新想法:* 大多数哺乳动物的杆状光感受器是从锥状光感受器发展和进化而来的,特别是从短波长敏感的 * 为了细化细胞类型同源性概念,并且为了测试视杆光感受器是否从SWS视锥进化,我们将比较4种视锥类型转分化成视杆的倾向;* 通过评估关键发育基因的表达,以及在我们的斑马鱼平台中深入测试盲鳗基因功能,可以在盲鳗中揭示视杆细胞与视锥细胞的身份和进化(从而揭示早期脊椎动物的进化)。* 我的HQP将能够很好地对双重视网膜的生物学和进化做出基础性的见解,即拥有杆和锥的生物学,这使得脊椎动物辐射取得了巨大的成功。此外,我们仍然对在大多数动物视网膜中观察到的光感受器的精心排列模式感到困惑和着迷(尽管在哺乳动物中丢失了)。我们在斑马鱼中的遗传方法继续揭示这种光感受器镶嵌形成和镶嵌功能的机制。为了补充这一点,我们现在将扩大我们的计划,以比较甲壳类动物感光器阵列的发展。小眼和其中感光器图案的个体发生变化具有惊人的(大概是趋同的?)与鱼类的感光细胞相似。十足类甲壳动物(螃蟹、小龙虾等)特别令人感兴趣的是正方形(“反射镜盒”)小眼,然而开始的幼虫生活始于熟悉的六边形小眼。令人惊讶的是,与脊椎动物不同,这些感光器形态在化石记录中保存完好。我们将比较化石的小眼和感光体的补充,在现存的螃蟹和虾,特别关注阵列的个体发育过程中的变化和/或区域专业化,使多个形态同时发生在每个人的眼睛。***** 了解脊椎动物光感受器的进化受到缺乏化石记录的阻碍。我的HQP通过两个策略克服了这一挑战:第一:通过比较产生光感受器的发育程序,我们将独特地揭示古老的同源性。第二个:我们将通过询问一个可以根据化石光感受器进行校准的发育系统,来确定这种进化-发育方法应用于感觉系统的陷阱和机会。

项目成果

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Allison, WTed其他文献

Allison, WTed的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Allison, WTed', 18)}}的其他基金

Evolution of photoreceptors as illuminated by fossils and development
化石和发展揭示的光感受器的进化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-04825
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Evolution of photoreceptors as illuminated by fossils and development
化石和发展揭示的光感受器的进化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-04825
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Evolution of photoreceptors as illuminated by fossils and development
化石和发展揭示的光感受器的进化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2019-04825
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
EVOLUTION OF NEURODEGENERATION AND OTHER SPECIALIZATIONS IN THE VERTEBRATE VISUAL SYSTEM
脊椎动物视觉系统神经退行性和其他专业化的进化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-06311
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
EVOLUTION OF NEURODEGENERATION AND OTHER SPECIALIZATIONS IN THE VERTEBRATE VISUAL SYSTEM
脊椎动物视觉系统神经退行性和其他专业化的进化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-06311
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
EVOLUTION OF NEURODEGENERATION AND OTHER SPECIALIZATIONS IN THE VERTEBRATE VISUAL SYSTEM
脊椎动物视觉系统神经退行性和其他专业化的进化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-06311
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
EVOLUTION OF NEURODEGENERATION AND OTHER SPECIALIZATIONS IN THE VERTEBRATE VISUAL SYSTEM
脊椎动物视觉系统神经退行性和其他专业化的进化
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2014-06311
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 2.62万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

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