Improved Greenhouse Gas Mitigation for Manure Storage Systems in Cold Climates

农家肥管理是现代畜牧业面临的最重大的环境挑战之一。以有效的方式控制和处理粪便对于尽量减少点源和非点源水污染的危害以及达到更严格的空气质量标准至关重要。在粪肥的储存过程中，包括氨、甲烷和一氧化二氮在内的几种不良气体会释放到大气中。这些气体是造成全球气候变化的温室气体的直接和间接来源。液体粪肥系统的厌氧性质也增加了其产生气味的可能性。因此，需要制定和测试管理战略，以支持减少储存的这些气体排放，同时考虑可能存在的任何可能的权衡效应。该研究计划的目标是量化粪肥储存产生的多种气体的排放，并制定减少排放的战略，同时还研究具体的权衡问题。在接下来的五年里，我们将通过这个新颖的多学科研究计划培养3名博士，4名硕士，2名博士后研究员，2名研究技术人员和至少10名本科研究助理。利用独特且最先进的研究设施，我们将同时量化不同管理系统的排放量，这将有助于针对加拿大气候条件制定农场层面的建议。该研究计划还将支持开发和测试一些相关和适应性的有益管理实践，可用于支持实践，营养/粪肥管理规划建议和环境农场规划考虑的粪肥管理规范。通过这项研究计划，我们将定义驱动排放的过程，从清空和填充粪便/泥浆存储;固液分离的粪便和粪便厌氧消化的排放。我们还将利用这些研究结果来改进粪肥储存的温室气体和氨排放量的模型估计，特别是在寒冷的气候条件下。这将提供新的知识和重大发现，将温室气体，氨和粪便储存设施的气味排放联系起来，并将对加拿大维持其可持续农业生产声誉的能力产生重大影响，并支持更准确地估计我们农业部门的温室气体排放。

On-farm manure management is one of the most significant environmental challenges facing modern livestock agriculture. Containing and treating manure in an efficient manner is essential to minimize the hazards of both point and non-point source water pollution and also meet more stringent air quality standards. During the storage of manure, several undesirable gases including ammonia, methane and nitrous oxide can be released into the atmosphere. These gases represent both direct and in-direct sources of greenhouse gases which can contribute to global climate change. The anaerobic nature of liquid manure systems also increases its potential for odour production. Management strategies therefore need to be developed and tested which support the mitigation of these gas emissions from storages while also considering any possible trade-off effects that may exist.***The objectives of this research program are to quantify emissions of multiple gases emanating from manure storages and develop strategies for their reduction while also examining specific tradeoff issues. Over the next five-years we will train 3 PhD, 4 MSc, 2 Post Doctoral Fellows, 2 research technicians and at least 10 undergraduate research assistants through this novel and multi-disciplinary research program. Utilizing a unique and state-of-the-art research facility we will quantify emissions from different management systems simultaneously which will allow for the development of farm-level recommendations for Canadian climatic conditions. This research program will also support the development and testing of a number of relevant and adaptive Beneficial Management Practices' that can be utilized to support manure management codes of practice, nutrient/manure management planning recommendations and environmental farm planning considerations.***Through this research program we will define processes driving emissions from the emptying and filling of manure/slurry storages; solid-liquid separated manure and emissions from the anaerobic digestion of manure. We will also utilize these findings to improve model estimates of greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions from manure storages, especially in cold climate conditions. This will provide new knowledge and significant discoveries linking greenhouse gas, ammonia and odour emissions from manure storage facilities and will have a significant impact on Canada's ability to maintain its reputation in sustainable agriculture production and also support more accurate estimates of the greenhouse gas emissions from our agriculture sector.******************