Seismic and Blast Retrofit of Reinforced Concrete and Masonry Buildings

钢筋混凝土和砌体建筑的抗震和爆破改造

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04080
• 负责人: Saatcioglu, Murat
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=690358
• 关键词: Seismic; Blast; Retrofit; Reinforced; Concrete

The performance of physical infrastructure during recent earthquakes clearly indicate that a large segment of existing building inventory is vulnerable to seismic excitations. Buildings designed prior to the enactment of modern seismic design guidelines that were developed in 1970's and 1980's, as well as those built more recently without the appropriate seismic design and detailing practices pose particularly high seismic risk. In the majority of cases, it is economically not feasible and practical to replace these deficient buildings with new and improved structures and building components. Therefore, seismic retrofitting (rehabilitation and strengthening) remains to be an effective and viable seismic risk mitigation strategy for civil engineering infrastructure. In addition to the seismic risk, critical infrastructure is vulnerable against another type of dynamic extreme load event in the form of accidental or maliciously intended deliberate explosion. Blast-resistant design of civilian infrastructure is not common in Canada. The National Building Code of Canada does not explicitly require blast-resistant design of buildings. Therefore, high-risk buildings, including the Canadian assets abroad (i.e., Embassy buildings) are vulnerable to blast threats, especially if the charge weight (bomb size) is high (as in the case of car and truck bombs) and the proximity of explosions to buildings (standoff distance) is close. While, strong earthquakes and bomb blasts are fundamentally different in the way they affect buildings, they both generate dynamic response of building components, potentially taking building materials beyond their elastic limits, benefitting from ductility and energy dissipation capacity of materials and components. There are commonalities between these two extreme load events, from which a common research program can benefit in developing infrastrcuture risk mitigation strategies. The objective of the proposed research program is to develop new and innovative seismic and blast retrofit methodologies for structurally deficient concrete and masonry buildings, as well as non-structural building components that form threat to the life safety of the occupants. **

物理基础设施在最近地震中的表现清楚地表明，现有建筑库存的很大一部分是脆弱的地震激励。在20世纪70年代和80年代制定的现代抗震设计准则颁布之前设计的建筑物，以及最近建造的那些没有适当的抗震设计和细节实践的建筑物，构成了特别高的地震风险。在大多数情况下，用新的和改进的结构和建筑部件取代这些有缺陷的建筑物在经济上是不可行和不实际的。因此，抗震改造（恢复和加强）仍然是土木工程基础设施有效和可行的减轻地震风险战略。除了地震风险外，关键基础设施还容易受到另一种动态极端荷载事件的影响，即意外或恶意故意爆炸。民用基础设施的防爆设计在加拿大并不常见。加拿大国家建筑规范没有明确要求建筑的防爆设计。因此，高风险建筑物，包括加拿大在国外的资产（即大使馆建筑物），容易受到爆炸威胁，特别是如果装药重量（炸弹大小）很高（如汽车和卡车炸弹的情况下），爆炸距离建筑物（对峙距离）很近。虽然强震和炸弹爆炸对建筑物的影响方式有着根本的不同，但它们都产生建筑构件的动态响应，可能使建筑材料超出其弹性极限，受益于材料和构件的延性和耗能能力。这两种极端负载事件之间存在共性，共同的研究计划可以从中受益，以制定基础设施风险缓解策略。拟议的研究计划的目标是为结构缺陷的混凝土和砖石建筑以及对居住者生命安全构成威胁的非结构性建筑部件开发新的和创新的地震和爆炸改造方法。**