Photochemistry in nanotechnology and catalysis

纳米技术和催化中的光化学

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-05594
• 负责人: Scaiano, Juan
• 金额: $ 6.85万
• 依托单位: University of Ottawa
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=692509
• 关键词: Photochemistry; nanotechnology; catalysis

The paradigms of photochemistry and physical organic chemistry guide our strategies for the synthesis, modification and utilization of nanostructured materials incorporating semiconductor, plasmonic and acid-base structures for catalysis and health applications. New materials are designed for specific applications in catalysis, water splitting/treatment and health. The synthesis of complex nanostructures, especially using photochemistry, combine semiconductors such as TiO2 and Nb2O5 with metals or their oxides (Au, Ag, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ru, Co, Ni, where heat or different excitation wavelengths control the reaction outcome, while Cu-on-TiO2 that can drive click chemistry on demand under visible light. Different metals and their combinations open new opportunities to address organic chemistry challenges. ***We look intimately at chemical transformations, avoiding the black-box' approach to catalysis. Among these, from the molecule to the mole takes advantage of knowledge acquired using single molecule spectroscopy (SMS) and laser flash photolysis (LFP) to inspire bench scale improvements. We plan to examine organic reactions that can benefit from these approaches. We can manufacture and evaluate new catalyst performance, and use SMS and imaging methodologies to inspire bench scale advances.***An area of interest is water splitting/decontamination that have been frequently treated as orthogonal fields, using sunlight to either produce H2 or decontaminate water, yet, they are intimately related. Research on water splitting has utilized solar light, semiconductor catalysis and frequently “sacrificial electron donors”, molecules that facilitate H2 evolution at the expense of the degradation of valuable chemicals. In a novel approach, we propose that water contaminants can act as sacrificial donors, enhancing H2 production while simultaneously decontaminating water (chemically & bacteriologically). Initial tests show that waters from local rivers produce more H2 than pure water, as minor contaminants act as sacrificial donors. In the development of photocatalysts, we view water splitting and purification as two facets of the same problem. We propose H2 production and water decontamination as coupled processes.***In health and cosmetics our studies focus on antibacterial properties of nanomaterials and the effect of organic shells on cosmetic materials, such as lignin-coated TiO2, a major sunscreen ingredient with a reputation for adverse health effects that lignin can prevent.

光化学和物理有机化学的范式指导我们合成、改性和利用包含半导体、等离子体和酸碱结构的纳米结构材料的策略，用于催化和健康应用。新材料专为催化、水分解/处理和健康领域的特定应用而设计。复杂纳米结构的合成，特别是使用光化学，将 TiO2 和 Nb2O5 等半导体与金属或其氧化物（Au、Ag、Cu、Pt、Pd、Ru、Co、Ni）相结合，其中热量或不同的激发波长控制反应结果，而 Cu-on-TiO2 可以在可见光下按需驱动点击化学。不同的金属及其组合为解决有机问题提供了新的机会。 化学挑战。 ***我们密切关注化学转化，避免黑盒催化方法。其中，从分子到摩尔利用单分子光谱 (SMS) 和激光闪光光解 (LFP) 获得的知识来激发实验室规模的改进。我们计划研究可以从这些方法中受益的有机反应。我们可以制造和评估新的催化剂性能，并使用 SMS 和成像 ***一个令人感兴趣的领域是水分解/净化，它经常被视为正交场，利用阳光产生氢气或净化水，然而，它们是密切相关的。水分解研究利用了太阳光、半导体催化和经常使用的“牺牲电子供体”，即以牺牲电子为代价促进氢气析出的分子。 有价值的化学品的降解。在一种新方法中，我们提出水污染物可以充当牺牲供体，提高氢气产量，同时净化水（化学和细菌学）。初步测试表明，当地河流的水比纯水产生更多的氢气，因为少量污染物充当了牺牲供体。在光催化剂的开发中，我们将水分解和净化视为同一事物的两个方面 问题。我们建议将氢气生产和水净化作为耦合过程。***在健康和化妆品方面，我们的研究重点是纳米材料的抗菌特性以及有机壳对化妆品材料的影响，例如木质素涂层的二氧化钛，这是一种主要的防晒成分，以木质素可以预防对健康产生不良影响而闻名。