Effects of ultra-low dose radiation on biological systems

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All living organisms are continually exposed to background radiation. The sources of this radiation include cosmic and terrestrial radiation (e.g., radon). Additional exposure can be a result of the workplace or medical imaging. While high-dose exposure to ionizing radiation is known to cause harm, very little is known about the role background radiation has on cell function. For example, it is not known if the elimination of background radiation has a destabilizing effect on cells or organisms. Just as important, it is not known how the presence of background radiation prepares our cells to handle exposure to radiation that is above background levels (e.g., medical imaging). The Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Laurentian University and Bruce Power have partnered together to study the fundamental effects of ultra-low dose radiation on biological systems. This research will be performed using a state-of-the-art world class Canadian research laboratory designed to eliminate natural background radiation (SNOLAB). Fundamental research will be performed to examine 3 key areas: 1) accurately characterize background radiation levels within SNOLAB and in the surface control laboratory, 2) determine the effect of ultra-low dose radiation on cell function and the response to stress, and 3) determine the effect of ultra-low dose radiation on embryogenesis and cellular development. The scientific knowledge gained will be beneficial in understanding the cellular mechanisms impacted by environmental, occupational, and medical exposure to low dose radiation.