脱除油脂原料中的磷脂（胶质）是油脂加工的重要环节，酶法脱胶替代化学法，可实现环保性能和经济性能的提高。酶是催化转化的核心。本课题以"磷脂酶Ultra催化脱胶过程中的特异性调控机制解析"基础科学问题为研究目标，拟采用酶蛋白晶体结构解析方法，对磷脂酶Ultra的结构进行解析，重点分析"底物催化活性中心、盖子区域以及酶分子表面的带电荷氨基酸残基"对酶蛋白特性的可能影响；进而对重要的氨基酸进行突变设计，制备突变体蛋白，考察突变体蛋白的酶学特性和脱除油脂中磷脂分子的能力；通过对其结构与功能关系的研究，揭示磷脂酶Ultra的催化调控机制。期望通过此研究，可为磷脂酶的基因工程改造提供坚实的理论基础，并推动酶工程领域的基础科学研究，丰富酶学基础理论，同时可指导油脂工业化过程的精确与经济控制。

Degum of oil is an important part of oil processing. Enzymatic degumming is more economic and environment-friendly than chemical method. In this study, probe of the regulation mechanisms of degumming by Ultra lipase is carried out. To achieve this goal, the 3D structure of Ultra lipase will be solved by X-ray technology. Base on the structural information, the function of the charged amino acid residues in the active site, lid region and enzyme surface were analyzed by structural bio-computation. Mutagenesis study of the key amino acid residues were performed to investigate the catalytic activity and degumming ability of Ultra lipase mutants. According to this functional study, the regulation catalytic mechanism of lipase Ultra could be revealed. The result of this work can provide knowledge of genetically engineered of phospholipase and promote the basic research in the field of enzyme engineering, while guiding the development of oil industry.