Antimicrobial use and resistance in cow-calf herds: Has anything changed after the switch to prescription only sales of medically important antimicrobials?

兽医和牲畜生产者面临着谨慎和安全使用抗菌药物的巨大压力。在全球范围内，对这些药物具有抗药性的微生物菌株对人类和动物健康的威胁正在上升。抗菌药物是人类和兽医学中必须保存的宝贵资源。牲畜必须给予正确剂量的正确药物，出于正确的原因，在时间和牛肉行业正在严格评估抗菌剂的使用。2018年12月，加拿大卫生部的新规定要求在食用动物中使用抗菌剂。为了衡量这些变化和其他抗菌策略的影响，加拿大畜牧业需要最新的可靠数据。 我们的研究将绘制肉牛群中当前抗菌剂的使用和耐药性，并将结果与2018年前的数据进行比较。新规定带来了什么变化？未来的变化将如何影响今天的基线？我们将调查小牛生产商和兽医，了解自2018年以来他们的抗菌药物使用情况如何变化。我们还将测试个体动物的耐药性微生物，以确定如何更好地监测和减少抗菌素耐药性。我们的数据将支持加拿大牛肉行业的行业决策和最新的抗菌剂法规。 研究记录谨慎的抗菌剂使用并确定需要改进的领域对牛肉行业至关重要，该行业提供了27.5亿美元的出口市场。牛肉产业为加拿大的GDP贡献了160亿加元。除了增加监管，消费者和食品服务对抗生素使用实践的兴趣外，这项研究还提供了一个机会，以确定如何传达有关抗生素使用和一般动物健康和生产实践的最佳实践，以最大限度地减少抗生素耐药性的风险。我们的合作伙伴包括加拿大肉牛研究理事会和阿尔伯塔牛肉生产商的牛肉生产商。萨斯喀彻温省农业部和加拿大抗生素耐药性监测综合方案也在合作。

Veterinarians and livestock producers face huge pressure to use antimicrobial drugs carefully and safely. Globally, threats to human and animal health are rising from strains of microbes that are resistant to these drugs. Antimicrobials are precious resources that must be preserved for use in human and veterinary medicine. Livestock must be given the right dose of the right drug, for the right reason, at the time and the beef industry is critically evaluating antimicrobial use. In December 2018 Health Canada's new regulations ordered prescriptions for antimicrobials in food animals. To measure the impact of these changes and other antimicrobial strategies, Canada's livestock industry needs current, reliable data. Our research will map current antimicrobial use and resistance in beef cow-calf herds and compare results to pre-2018 data. What has changed with new regulations? How will future changes impact today's baseline? We will survey cow-calf producers and veterinarians on how their antimicrobial use has changed since 2018. We will also test individual animals for resistant microbes to identify how to better monitor and reduce antimicrobial resistance. Our data will support industry decisions and updated regulations on antimicrobials in Canada's beef industry. Research to document prudent antimicrobial use and identify areas for improvement is essential for the beef industry, which supplies a $2.75 billion export market. The beef industry contributes $16 billion to Canada's GDP. In addition to increased regulatory, consumer and food service interest in antibiotic use practices, this research also presents an opportunity to identify how to communicate best practices regarding antibiotic use and general animal health and production practices to minimize the risk of antibiotic resistance. Our partners include Canada's beef producers through the Beef Cattle Research Council and Alberta Beef Producers. Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture and the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance are also collaborating.