Predictors of variable reproductive success in primate individuals, populations and species

灵长类个体、种群和物种的不同繁殖成功率的预测因子

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-03623
• 负责人: Fedigan, LindaMarie
• 金额: $ 3.21万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=708823
• 关键词: Predictors; variable; reproductive; success; primate

Many factors contribute to differential reproductive success when some individuals, some populations and some species produce more surviving offspring than do others. What accounts for such variation in the competitive success of animals that cooperate, such as those residing in year-round, mixed-sex social aggregations? I study neotropical primates that live in multi-male, multi-female groups and I concentrate on the predictors of female reproductive success. How do interactions within and between the sexes affect their reproductive, foraging and population patterns? For the past 32 years, I have studied the life histories of three species of long-lived monkeys (capuchins, howler and spider monkeys) that inhabit the Santa Rosa sector of the rea de Conservacin Guanacaste (ACG), Costa Rica. Focusing mainly on capuchins, my research program will continue to examine the ways in which both inter- and intra-sexual competition and cooperation operate within the ecological, demographic and biological constraints of the species to affect reproduction. We use a combination of observational methods and non-invasive techniques (e.g., fecal and urine sampling) followed by lab analyses. We will compare our capuchin data to that from other primate species found in ACG and elsewhere and we address questions of general interest to evolutionary biologists and the public alike, such as: what costs and benefits do females experience from maintaining long-term relationships with female kin and with resident group males? Why do some females reproduce until death, whereas others cease to give birth halfway through their lifespan? How do hormones, genes and behavior interact to affect reproductive patterns? Since 1983, my team has also documented the return of primate populations to the recovering forests of the ACG. This mega-park is a World Heritage Site and the location of a renowned restoration project to regenerate tropical dry forest previously disturbed by centuries of agricultural and logging activities. In the next 5 years we will investigate how habitat and climate variation over time affect primate population growth cross-specifically. Our 32 years of demographic data and projections into the future are important for wildlife and conservation programs around the world, including Canada, that seek to predict how long-lived mammals will respond to climate change. The collaborative databases of life history data that we maintain are an invaluable resource for others and a model for the value of longitudinal research.

当某些个体、某些种群和某些物种比其他个体、某些种群和某些物种产生更多的存活后代时，许多因素都会导致繁殖成功率的差异。是什么解释了合作动物（例如那些常年生活在混合性别社会群体中的动物）在竞争成功上的这种差异？我研究生活在多雄性、多雌性群体中的新热带灵长类动物，并专注于雌性繁殖成功的预测因素。两性内部和两性之间的相互作用如何影响它们的繁殖、觅食和种群模式？ 在过去的 32 年里，我研究了三种长寿猴子（卷尾猴、吼猴和蜘蛛猴）的生活史，它们居住在哥斯达黎加瓜纳卡斯特保护区 (ACG) 的圣罗莎地区。我的研究计划主要集中在卷尾猴上，将继续研究性间和性内竞争与合作在物种的生态、人口和生物限制下影响繁殖的方式。我们结合使用观察方法和非侵入性技术（例如粪便和尿液采样），然后进行实验室分析。我们将把我们的卷尾猴数据与 ACG 和其他地方发现的其他灵长类物种的数据进行比较，并解决进化生物学家和公众普遍感兴趣的问题，例如：雌性与雌性亲属和常住群体雄性保持长期关系会经历哪些成本和收益？为什么有些雌性会生育直至死亡，而另一些雌性则在生命中途停止生育？激素、基因和行为如何相互作用来影响生殖模式？ 自 1983 年以来，我的团队还记录了灵长类动物种群返回 ACG 恢复森林的情况。这个大型公园是世界遗产，也是一个著名的恢复项目的所在地，该项目旨在再生先前受到几个世纪农业和伐木活动干扰的热带干燥森林。在接下来的五年中，我们将研究栖息地和气候随时间的变化如何跨物种影响灵长类动物种群的增长。我们 32 年的人口统计数据和对未来的预测对于包括加拿大在内的世界各地的野生动物和保护计划非常重要，这些计划旨在预测长寿哺乳动物将如何应对气候变化。我们维护的生活史数据协作数据库对于其他人来说是宝贵的资源，也是纵向研究价值的模型。