Evolutionary origins of coordination: Physiological and molecular studies on sponges (Porifera)

协调的进化起源：海绵（Porifera）的生理学和分子研究

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2016-05446
负责人：
Leys, Sally
金额：
$ 5.46万
依托单位：
University of Alberta
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709157
关键词：
Evolutionary origins coordination Physiological molecular

项目摘要

Sponges are members of the Porifera, the most primitive extant animals. Sponges are filter feeders and are the only group of multicellular animals without a nervous system, yet they have various types of slow behaviour that allow them to prevent clogging the filter. The first genome of a sponge is now available, and in it are many molecules that we see in nervous systems in other animals. My students and I study the sponge pre-nervous systems to understand how the first nervous systems might have evolved. We are interested in how sponges sense changes in their environment and how they coordinate whole body responses. This proposal will investigate a) the molecules involved in signaling between cells in the sponge, and the receptors available to receive signals on cells; b) the molecular mechanisms that sponges use to position sensory cells in the filtration system; and c) the physical parameters of fluid flow that guide the formation of the sponge body. Comparing genes found in sponges with those in animals that have nervous systems has highlighted remarkable similarities in the way signaling works in animals even without conventional nerves. Our proposed research program focuses on identifying the regions where signaling occurs between cells (is there a proto-synapse'?) and ultimately determining where new cells involved in sensation and transmission of signals are produced in developing and in adult sponges.

海绵是Porifera，是最原始的现存动物。海绵是过滤器喂食器，是唯一没有神经系统的多细胞动物组，但是它们具有各种各样的缓慢行为，使它们可以防止堵塞过滤器。现在可以使用海绵的第一个基因组，其中是我们在其他动物中神经系统中看到的许多分子。我和我的学生研究海绵前系统，以了解第一个神经系统的发展方式。我们对海绵如何在环境中的变化以及它们如何协调整个身体反应感兴趣。该建议将研究a）海绵中细胞之间信号传导的分子，以及可在细胞上接收信号的受体； b）海绵用来将感觉细胞定位在过滤系统中的分子机制； c）指导海绵体形成的流体流的物理参数。将海绵中的基因与具有神经系统的动物中的基因进行比较，即使没有常规神经，信号传导在动物中起作用的方式都显着相似。我们提出的研究计划的重点是确定细胞之间发生信号传导的区域（是否存在原始疾病？？），并最终确定在发育和成年海绵中产生信号的新细胞和信号传播的何处。