Contribution of binocular vision to motor skill development and performance

双眼视觉对运动技能发展和表现的贡献

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04356
• 负责人: NiechwiejSzwedo, Ewa
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709178
• 关键词: Contribution; binocular; vision; motor; skill

Manual dexterity or performance of skillful movements with our hands is one of the hallmarks of human evolution and a pinnacle of sensorimotor development. Vision provides important input for guiding and coordinating the execution of relatively simple skills, such as making your morning cup of coffee, as well as incredibly challenging skills involved in performing a surgical procedure. Intuitively, one could predict that binocular vision must be fundamentally important for the performance of these skills. However, our understanding of the role of this input during development and in the control of complex manipulation tasks remains limited. Specifically, no studies to date have examined the development of binocular visual functions and fine motor skills in school-aged children. Conversely, research conducted with adults provided mixed evidence for the role of binocular vision during execution of simple prehension tasks. Thus, the long term goal of the proposed research program is to establish the contribution of binocular vision to motor skill learning and performance when interacting with objects in a 3D environment. The first objective of the proposed research is to assess the association between the development of binocular visual functions and fine motor skills. It is hypothesized that improvements in motor skill performance in children are dependent on the maturation of the binocular visual functions. Later work will focus on the adults and the experiments are designed to manipulate binocular vision and haptic (touch) information such that we can tease out the critical variables contributing to the optimal performance and learning of manipulation skills. It is hypothesized that binocular disparity facilitates the processing of object features which leads to more effective control strategies during object manipulation. Whereas in the absence of binocular disparity this control is disrupted as subjects must rely on haptic feedback. It is anticipated that the proposed research program will establish the role of normal binocular vision in motor skill acquisition in children. It is necessary to have an understanding of the underlying factors contributing to optimal acquisition of fine motor skills because performance on dexterity tasks is a strong predictor of academic achievement in school-aged children. The proposed research will also advance our knowledge about the CNS control of upper limb movements while interacting with objects in 3D space. Is it important to understand the contribution of binocular disparity and visual-haptic integration because skilled motor performance is required in many occupational activities. Thus, ultimately, this research will also have implications for developing occupational standards for binocular vision requirements for professions that require precise execution of skilful movements, for example, surgery, dentistry and industry.

手的灵巧性或用手进行熟练动作的表现是人类进化的标志之一，也是感觉运动发展的顶峰。视觉为指导和协调相对简单的技能的执行提供了重要的输入，例如制作早晨的咖啡，以及执行外科手术过程中所涉及的令人难以置信的挑战性技能。凭直觉，人们可以预测，双眼视觉必须是从根本上重要的性能，这些技能。然而，我们对这种输入在开发过程中和复杂操作任务控制中的作用的理解仍然有限。具体来说，迄今为止还没有研究探讨学龄儿童的双眼视觉功能和精细运动技能的发展。相反，对成年人进行的研究提供了混合证据，证明双眼视觉在执行简单任务时的作用。因此，所提出的研究计划的长期目标是建立在3D环境中与物体交互时双目视觉对运动技能学习和表现的贡献。 本研究的第一个目的是评估双眼视觉功能的发展与精细运动技能之间的关系。据推测，儿童运动技能表现的改善依赖于双眼视觉功能的成熟。以后的工作将集中在成年人和实验的目的是操纵双目视觉和触觉（触摸）信息，这样我们就可以梳理出关键变量有助于最佳性能和学习的操作技能。据推测，双目视差促进处理的对象的功能，从而导致更有效的控制策略，在对象操作。而在没有双目视差的情况下，这种控制被破坏，因为受试者必须依赖于触觉反馈。 预计拟议的研究计划将建立正常的双眼视觉在儿童运动技能习得中的作用。这是必要的，以获得最佳的精细运动技能的潜在因素的理解，因为灵巧任务的性能是一个强有力的预测学龄儿童的学业成绩。拟议的研究也将推进我们对上肢运动的中枢神经系统控制的知识，同时与3D空间中的对象进行交互。了解双眼视差和视觉-触觉整合的贡献是否重要，因为在许多职业活动中需要熟练的运动表现。因此，最终，这项研究也将对需要精确执行熟练动作的专业（例如，外科手术，牙科和工业）制定双眼视觉要求的职业标准产生影响。