LIGHT ALLOY DESIGN FOR AUTOMOTIVE, AEROSPACE AND BIO APPLICATIONS

目前的建议是开发轻质材料，铝(Al)和镁(MG)，用于交通行业的重量减轻，以及生物可吸收植入材料的生物医疗应用。目前提出的计划的不同之处在于，将使用目前该领域任何类似研究计划没有使用的三个创新概念来开发有效的新材料。这些概念涉及(I)晶体结构的改变，(Ii)表面活性元素的使用和(Iii)在镁和铝合金中的晶内纳米级分散体的创新设计。这些合金将具有一系列改进的性能，如蠕变性、成形性、生物降解性、生物兼容性、生物耐腐蚀性或耐燃性，并将用于汽车发动机、柴油发动机、车身结构、飞机机舱内饰和生物医学植入物等应用。由申请者领导的团队将包括博士后(A.Farkoosh博士)、4.博士生(有奖学金)、2.英语博士和2名本科生。该团队目前与业界(菲亚特克莱斯勒汽车公司、劳福斯汽车零部件公司、贝利斯医疗公司)进行了合作。HQP将在轻合金开发、运输材料、生物医学应用以及电子显微镜、表面和微结构表征、铸造和锻造合金微结构方面的可转让技能方面进行培训；他们将与汽车、航空航天和生物行业互动。这项研究对于运输部门来说很重要，因为运输部门在降低车辆重量以实现燃油经济性、性能和减少排放方面有长期目标，这些目标需要与成本目标和可靠性相平衡。众所周知，运输部门不断增长的二氧化碳排放量目前占加拿大温室气体(GHG)总排放量的25%，政府的目标是到2050年减少45%-65%的温室气体排放。影响的一个例子是申请人开发的镁合金，该合金在2004-2014年间用于所有宝马发动机机体十年，发动机重量减轻了15%。拟议中的研究对争取燃油经济性竞争优势的飞机也很重要，而燃油经济性只有通过减轻重量才能实现。阻燃镁的使用将使飞机能够减轻重量。在生物医学领域，使用可生物降解的镁血管支架将消除重复的支架操作，增加与健康相关的并发症，降低患者的生活质量，增加发病率，并增加医疗保健系统的额外成本。它还将消除儿科冠状动脉患者在生长过程中再次进行支架植入的重复手术。生物相容镁的研究还将扩大镁在药物输送和骨植入方面的用途。

The current proposal is on the development of lightweight materials, aluminum (Al) and magnesium (Mg) for weight reduction in transport industries and on bio-absorbable implant materials for bio-medical applications. The current proposed program is different in that three innovative concepts not currently used by any similar research program in the field will be employed to develop effective new materials. These concepts are related to (i) crystal structure modification, (ii) the use of surface active elements and (iii) the innovative design of intra-granular nano-scale dispersoid in Mg and Al alloys. The alloys will have a range of improved properties such as creep resistance, formability, bio-degradability, bio-compatibility, bio-corrosion resistance or ignition resistance, and will be used in applications such as the car engine, diesel engine, car body structures, aircraft cabin interior, and biomedical implants. The team led by the applicant will include Postdoctoral Fellow (Dr A. Farkoosh), 4. PhD students (with scholarships), 2. M. Eng and 2 undergraduate students. There are current collaborations of the team with the industry (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Raufoss Automobile Parts, Baylis Medical). The HQP will be trained in light alloy development, transport materials, biomedical applications and on transferable skills in electron microscopy, surface and microstructural characterization, casting and wrought alloy microstructures; they will interact with the automotive, aerospace and bio industries. The research is important for the transport sector that has long-term goals in vehicle-weight reduction for fuel economy, performance and reduced emissions, which need to be balanced with cost targets and reliability. It is known that the growing CO2 emissions from the transportation sector currently contribute 25% of Canada's total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the government has targeted a 45-65% reduction in GHGs by 2050. An example of impact is the Mg alloy developed by the applicant which was used on all BMW engine blocks for one decade 2004-2014 with 15% reduction in engine weight. The proposed research is also important for aircrafts that strive for a competitive edge in fuel economy which is only possible through weight reduction. The use of ignition proof Mg will enable aircraft weight reduction. In the biomedical field, the use of bio-degradable Mg cardiovascular stents will eliminate repeated stenting procedures which introduce additional health-related complications, decrease the life quality of the patient, increase the morbidity rate, and burden the health care system with additional cost. It will also eliminate the repeat surgeries in pediatric coronary patients for re-stenting during growth. Research on biocompatible Mg will also extend the use of Mg in drug delivery and as bone implants.