Development of Advanced Recovery-Separation-Degradation Solutions for Green Treatment of Oily Sludge from Petroleum Industry

石油工业含油污泥绿色处理先进回收分离降解解决方案开发

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05801
• 负责人: Liu, Lei
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709655
• 关键词: Development; Advanced; Recovery; Separation; Degradation

Oily sludge is a major hazardous waste generated in large volumes from the petroleum industry. Due to its toxic nature, safe disposal of oily sludge becomes challenging and costly. Economic losses can be incurred if the valuable oil is not recycled from the sludge. Previously, various methods were developed to investigate sludge oil recovery, however, mixed results have been obtained and furthermore little attention has been given to the quality of the recovered oil. In terms of the conventional oil sludge disposal approaches, most of them are either inadequate to meeting environmental standards or having various limitations. Besides, large volume of high-content oily wastewater is generated from the sludge disposal and little attention has focused on its effective treatment. Thus, there are growing interests for better oily sludge recovery and treatment solutions. In response to the needs, the proposed research will focus on the advancement and development of novel and green oil recovery and waste disposal technologies. The perspectives of Recovery (of oil), Separation (of wastes), and Degradation (of hydrocarbons) are the main mechanisms for achieving the goals through the following designed tasks: (1) To develop advanced oil recovery approaches with improved oil recovery efficiency and high-purified oil quality through using an integrated techniques of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); (2) To discover new microbial strains with high capabilities in producing bio-surfactants and recovering oil from sludge, and their ability in recovering oil will be assessed through an optimized sludge washing process; (3) To explore the biodegradability of residual sludge (i.e., the sludge after its majority of oil being recover by bio-surfactant and SFE techniques) under designed bio-augmentation scenarios for further waste disposal; (4) To develop a submerged PTFE-membrane-bioreactor microfiltration-adsorption unit (PTFE-MABR) through using a new synthetic membrane material and a green process design for handling large volume of high-content oily wastewater generated from the sludge treatment process. A variety of absorbents will be used in conjunction with the MBR unit to remove the impurities in the wastewater effluent. The proposed research will focus on Canada's oily sludge issue and aims to develop green technologies for improving oily sludge management practices in Canada. The research outputs will be informative for sound design of oily sludge treatment in industrial application, and will eventually benefit petroleum industrial stakeholders, Canadian communities and environment. The proposed research will also help train a number of HQPs for enhancing their abilities to address Canada's future environmental challenges.

含油污泥是石油工业中大量产生的一种主要危险废物。由于其有毒的性质，安全处置含油污泥变得具有挑战性和成本。如果不从污泥中回收有价值的石油，可能会造成经济损失。以前，人们研究了各种方法来研究污泥油的回收，然而，结果喜忧参半，而且对回收油的质量关注很少。在传统的油泥处置方法中，大多数要么不能满足环境标准，要么有各种局限性。此外，污泥处置产生了大量的高含油废水，对其有效处理的研究较少。因此，人们对更好的含油污泥回收和处理解决方案的兴趣越来越大。针对这些需要，拟议的研究将侧重于新的绿色石油回收和废物处理技术的进步和开发。从回收(油)、分离(废物)和降解(碳氢化合物)的角度来看，通过以下设计任务是实现这些目标的主要机制：(1)利用超临界流体萃取(SFE)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)相结合的技术开发先进的采油方法，提高采油效率和高纯度的石油质量；(2)发现新的能够产生生物表面活性物质和从污泥中回收石油的高能力微生物菌株，并通过优化的污泥清洗过程来评估它们的回收石油的能力；(3)探讨剩余污泥(即经生物表面活性剂和超临界流体萃取技术回收大部分油类后的污泥)在生物强化方案下的可生化性，以进一步处理废物；。(4)通过采用新型合成膜材料和绿色工艺设计，开发一体式聚四氟乙烯膜生物反应器微滤-吸附单元(PTFE-MABR)，以处理污泥处理过程中产生的大量高含油量废水。各种吸附剂将与MBR单元结合使用，以去除废水流出物中的杂质。拟议的研究将侧重于加拿大的含油污泥问题，旨在开发绿色技术，以改善加拿大的含油污泥管理实践。研究成果将为工业应用中含油污泥处理的合理设计提供参考，并最终将造福于石油工业利益相关者、加拿大社区和环境。这项拟议的研究还将帮助培训一些HQP，以提高他们应对加拿大未来环境挑战的能力。