Understanding the drivers of individual and group-level movements in gregarious species

了解群居物种个体和群体层面运动的驱动因素

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06321
• 负责人: Teichroeb, Julie
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=709731
• 关键词: Understanding; drivers; individual; group; level

The intricate movements of animal groups across landscapes and of individuals within groups are not well understood. Ostensibly these are the outcome of individuals' manoeuvering relative to others to best meet their current needs but further study is needed to clarify the strategies of different classes of individuals. There are both costs and benefits of associating with individuals of the same species; and the costs may be mitigated and the benefits increased by controlling group size, inter-individual proximity, sex-ratios, and group movement direction. However, depending on their sex and life stage, animals vary in their abilities to control these variables. When choosing their individual movement paths animals must also consider their resource needs, the multiple ways that food sites vary, and the locations of competitors and allies. This project aims to understand the important factors underlying group-level and individual-level movements using two species of group-living nonhuman primates at Lake Nabugabo, Uganda. Angolan black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) form large aggregations made up of individuals and subgroups that frequently fission and range apart before coming together again. Angolan colobus will be used to understand group-level movements and this project will determine whether there is structure to this subgrouping, what factors influence fission and fusion events, the ways that subgroups synchronize their movements, and the spatial organization of subgroups. Vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) form smaller, cohesive, matrilineal groups and provide the perfect system to examine individual-level movements. This project will examine why individuals choose to join group progressions and how they decide which resources to visit based on specific food attributes and the presence or absence of competitors and allies. Foraging experiments can be done with single vervet monkeys and the same individuals as part of a social group, thus movement decisions can be compared in solitary and social contexts for the same individuals. This allows an analyses of how individual decision-making is altered by the presence of others. This project will aid in clarifying how gregarious animals balance the costs and benefits of living with others and the underlying drivers of animal movement patterns at multiple scales.

动物群体在景观中的复杂运动以及群体中个体的复杂运动还没有得到很好的理解。从表面上看，这些是个人相对于他人的操纵的结果，以最好地满足他们目前的需要，但需要进一步研究，以澄清不同类别的个人的战略。与同一物种的个体交往既有成本又有收益;通过控制群体规模、个体间的接近度、性别比例和群体运动方向，可以减轻成本，增加收益。然而，根据它们的性别和生命阶段，动物控制这些变量的能力各不相同。在选择自己的移动路径时，动物还必须考虑它们的资源需求，食物地点的多种变化方式，以及竞争对手和盟友的位置。该项目旨在了解潜在的群体水平和个人水平的运动的重要因素，使用两种群体生活的非人灵长类动物在纳布加博湖，乌干达。安哥拉黑白白色疣猴（Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii）形成由个体和亚群组成的大群体，这些个体和亚群在再次聚集之前经常分裂和分散。安哥拉疣猴将被用于了解群体水平的运动，该项目将确定该亚群是否存在结构，影响裂变和聚变事件的因素，亚群同步运动的方式以及亚群的空间组织。长尾猴（Chlorocebus pygerythrus）形成较小的、有凝聚力的母系群体，并提供了完美的系统来检查个体水平的运动。这个项目将研究为什么个人选择加入团体的进展，以及他们如何决定哪些资源访问基于特定的食物属性和竞争对手和盟友的存在或不存在。觅食实验可以用单个长尾猴和作为社会群体一部分的相同个体来完成，因此可以比较相同个体在孤独和社会背景下的运动决定。这就允许分析个人决策如何被他人的存在所改变。该项目将有助于澄清群居动物如何平衡与他人生活的成本和收益，以及多尺度动物运动模式的潜在驱动因素。