Understanding the drivers of individual and group-level movements in gregarious species

了解群居物种个体和群体层面运动的驱动因素

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06321
• 负责人: Teichroeb, Julie
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=682942
• 关键词: Understanding; drivers; individual; group; level

The intricate movements of animal groups across landscapes and of individuals within groups are not well understood. Ostensibly these are the outcome of individuals' manoeuvering relative to others to best meet their current needs but further study is needed to clarify the strategies of different classes of individuals. There are both costs and benefits of associating with individuals of the same species; and the costs may be mitigated and the benefits increased by controlling group size, inter-individual proximity, sex-ratios, and group movement direction. However, depending on their sex and life stage, animals vary in their abilities to control these variables. When choosing their individual movement paths animals must also consider their resource needs, the multiple ways that food sites vary, and the locations of competitors and allies. This project aims to understand the important factors underlying group-level and individual-level movements using two species of group-living nonhuman primates at Lake Nabugabo, Uganda. Angolan black-and-white colobus monkeys (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) form large aggregations made up of individuals and subgroups that frequently fission and range apart before coming together again. Angolan colobus will be used to understand group-level movements and this project will determine whether there is structure to this subgrouping, what factors influence fission and fusion events, the ways that subgroups synchronize their movements, and the spatial organization of subgroups. Vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) form smaller, cohesive, matrilineal groups and provide the perfect system to examine individual-level movements. This project will examine why individuals choose to join group progressions and how they decide which resources to visit based on specific food attributes and the presence or absence of competitors and allies. Foraging experiments can be done with single vervet monkeys and the same individuals as part of a social group, thus movement decisions can be compared in solitary and social contexts for the same individuals. This allows an analyses of how individual decision-making is altered by the presence of others. This project will aid in clarifying how gregarious animals balance the costs and benefits of living with others and the underlying drivers of animal movement patterns at multiple scales.

动物群体在景观中的复杂运动和群体内个体的复杂运动还没有得到很好的理解。表面上看，这些都是个体为了最好地满足他们当前的需求而相对于他人进行操纵的结果，但需要进一步的研究来澄清不同类别的个体的策略。与同一物种的个体交往既有成本也有收益；通过控制群体规模、个体间接近度、性别比例和群体运动方向，可以降低成本，增加收益。然而，根据它们的性别和生命阶段，动物控制这些变量的能力各不相同。在选择各自的移动路径时，动物还必须考虑它们的资源需求，食物地点的多种变化方式，以及竞争对手和盟友的位置。本项目旨在利用乌干达纳布加博湖两种群居非人灵长类动物，了解群体水平和个人水平运动背后的重要因素。安哥拉黑白疣猴（安哥拉疣猴ruwenzorii）形成由个体和亚群体组成的大群体，经常分裂和分开，然后再次聚集在一起。安哥拉疣体将用于了解群体层面的运动，该项目将确定这个子群体是否有结构，什么因素影响裂变和融合事件，子群体同步运动的方式，以及子群体的空间组织。黑尾猴（Chlorocebus pygerythrus）形成较小的、有凝聚力的母系群体，为检查个体水平的运动提供了完美的系统。这个项目将研究为什么个体选择加入群体进程，以及他们如何根据特定的食物属性和竞争对手和盟友的存在与否来决定访问哪些资源。觅食实验可以在单个长尾猴和作为社会群体一部分的同一个体之间进行，因此可以比较同一个体在孤独和社会环境下的运动决策。这允许分析个人决策是如何被其他人的存在所改变的。这个项目将有助于澄清群居动物如何平衡与他人生活的成本和收益，以及动物在多个尺度上的运动模式的潜在驱动因素。