Quantum Mechanics and Gravity

量子力学和引力

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-03957
• 负责人: Unruh, William
• 金额: $ 5.1万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=710624
• 关键词: Quantum; Mechanics; Gravity

The relation between quantum mechanics and gravity, especially as evidenced by black hole thermodynamics, forms the core of my work. 1) Condensed matter systems can be analogs of gravity-quantum interaction. Analog horizons in fluid-flows quantum radiate just as black-hole horizons do. This has been shown both theoretically and experimentally. Extending both, will be the core of my work. Such systems provide a rich testing ground for the assumptions going into black hole thermodynamics and for cosmological particle creation. Analogs of the Penrose process, or superradiance, in both water tank, and optical experiments are also of interest. 2)Infomation loss and black hole decoherence-- Do black holes loose information or is the detailed entropy of the fields around an evaporated black hole identical to the entropy before the formation. Can vacuum fluctuations carry information and could they resolve the information paradox? Or is information simply lost. 3) Quantum Decoherence. Understanding the loss of quantum coherence, the loss of entanglement and of interference effects, is crucial to understanding black holes. It is clear from simple particle and condensed matter models that decoherence need not imply energy uncertainty and non-conservation. Can this be extended to field theories and black holes? In addition to decoherence due to coupling with an external environment, it can also arise form internal interactions. Self decoherence is important for both cosmology and for mundane systems (eg Schroedinger's cat). Can one model such internal decoherence, and in particular can one do experiments to demonstrate it? Can decoherence be triggered by gravity itself, as Penrose has postulated. While explicit calculation in a restricted model suggest "no", the dependence of gravitational interference on the coordinate system used is still a possibility. Gravity wave detectors are quantum limited. Are they also able to experimentally determine whether Penrose's intuition has some traction? 4) Foundations of Quantum Mechanics. Does Bell show that quantum mechanics is non-local? I have argued for many years that he does not (despite what he (ambiguously) and other followers now claim). I want to spend some time sharpening my arguments to try to convince more people of my position (or to show myself wrong). 5) History of Black Holes: How did our understanding of black holes develop? How does All the above include international collaboration (Weinfurtner, Faccio and Koenig in UK, Schuetzhold in Germany, Wald inUSA, Hotta in Japan, Seletskiy in eastern Canada)

量子力学和引力之间的关系，特别是黑洞热力学所证明的，构成了我工作的核心。 1)凝聚态系统可以是引力-量子相互作用的类似物。 流体流中的类似视界量子辐射就像黑洞视界一样。这一点在理论和实验上都得到了证实。两者的延伸，将是我工作的核心。 这样的系统为黑洞热力学和宇宙粒子的产生提供了丰富的实验基础。彭罗斯过程的类似物，或超辐射，在水箱和光学实验中也很有趣。 2)信息损失和黑洞退相干--黑洞是否丢失了信息，或者蒸发黑洞周围场的详细熵与形成前的熵相同。 真空涨落能携带信息吗？它们能解决信息悖论吗？或者只是信息丢失了。 3)量子退相干理解量子相干性的丧失，即纠缠和干涉效应的丧失，对于理解黑洞至关重要。从简单的粒子和凝聚态模型可以清楚地看出，退相干不一定意味着能量的不确定性和不守恒。这能推广到场论和黑洞吗？ 除了由于与外部环境的耦合引起的退相干之外，它还可以由内部相互作用引起。自退相干对宇宙学和世俗系统（如薛定谔的猫）都很重要。人们能否模拟这种内部退相干，特别是能否做实验来证明它？ 退相干能像彭罗斯假设的那样，由引力本身引发吗？ 虽然在限制模型中的显式计算表明“不”，但引力干涉对所用坐标系的依赖性仍然是一种可能性。引力波探测器是量子限制的。他们是否也能够通过实验确定彭罗斯的直觉是否有一些牵引力？ 4)量子力学的基础。贝尔是否证明了量子力学是非定域的？多年来，我一直认为他没有（尽管他（模棱两可地）和其他追随者现在声称）。我想花一些时间来加强我的论点，试图说服更多的人相信我的立场（或证明自己错了）。 5)黑洞的历史：我们对黑洞的理解是如何发展的？ 如何 所有上述包括国际合作（Weinfurtner，Faccio和 英国的Koenig，德国的Schuetzhold，美国的Wald，日本的Hotta，加拿大东部的Seletskiy）