Technology Advancement for Microwave Remote Sensing of Sea Ice

海冰微波遥感技术进展

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04974
• 负责人: Isleifson, Dustin
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711325
• 关键词: Technology; Advancement; Microwave; Remote; Sensing

The main objective of my proposed research program is to advance the state-of-the-art in remote sensing technologies for the engineering and scientific communities to understand the geophysical and thermodynamic characteristics of sea ice. Research will be undertaken in three areas: 1) Sea Ice Remote Sensing Experiments for Detection of Oil in Sea Ice, 2) Electromagnetic Modeling of Sea Ice Scattering, and 3) Development of New Measurement Platforms for Arctic Remote Sensing. Satellite remote sensing has historically been used to monitor the Arctic; however, lingering uncertainties remain in our knowledge of how rapid changes in sea ice geophysics and thermodynamics affect the satellite-scale scattering. As transportation through the Arctic increases in response to reduced ice conditions, compounded by plans for expansion in offshore oil exploration, drilling, and production, we have an increased risk of an oil spill in this fragile environment. Canada has a responsibility to ensure that we are in a position to detect and mitigate the risk from such an environmental disaster. Research in remote sensing is required to develop the fundamental understanding of radar wave interactions and to advance detection tools and methods. In order to interpret radar data, I rely on electromagnetic models to describe how microwaves interact with the complex sea ice medium. New modeling methods will help me to understand the mechanisms of the wave interactions and can be used to develop techniques for detecting oil that is trapped underneath sea ice. From the results of my modeling studies, I will design, build, and test remote sensing payloads to be integrated onto unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with antennas that are tuned for detection of specific parameters, such as oil in sea ice. The expected major research outputs of this program will be an enhanced understanding of how radar can be used to determine sea ice geophysical and thermodynamic state, development and validation of innovative electromagnetic modeling techniques, and improved methods for detection of oil in sea ice. Antennas will be simulated, built, tested, and integrated into novel measurement platforms for remote sensing applications. Discoveries in the areas of Arctic remote sensing will help maintain Canada's status as a leader of research in technological, scientific, and economic issues related to sustainable development in the north. This research program builds on a collaborative research effort between the Faculty of Engineering and the Centre for Earth Observation Science (CEOS) at the University of Manitoba, supported by partnerships with industry. Hardware research will be conducted in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, while remote sensing research will be performed at the Sea-ice Environmental Research Facility (SERF) and at the new CFI-funded Churchill Marine Observatory (CMO).

我提出的研究计划的主要目标是推动工程和科学界最先进的遥感技术，以了解海冰的地球物理和热力学特征。研究将在三个领域进行：1）用于检测海冰中石油的海冰遥感实验，2）海冰散射的电磁模型，以及3）开发新的北极遥感测量平台。 卫星遥感历史上曾被用来监测北极；然而，我们对海冰地球物理和热力学的快速变化如何影响卫星尺度散射的了解仍然存在不确定性。随着冰情减少，北极运输量增加，再加上海上石油勘探、钻探和生产的扩张计划，在这个脆弱的环境中，我们面临着更大的石油泄漏风险。加拿大有责任确保我们能够发现并减轻此类环境灾难的风险。需要进行遥感研究来发展对雷达波相互作用的基本理解并改进检测工具和方法。 为了解释雷达数据，我依靠电磁模型来描述微波如何与复杂的海冰介质相互作用。新的建模方法将帮助我了解波浪相互作用的机制，并可用于开发检测海冰下捕获的石油的技术。根据我的建模研究结果，我将设计、构建和测试遥感有效载荷，将其集成到无人机 (UAV) 上，其天线经过调整以检测特定参数，例如海冰中的石油。 该计划的预期主要研究成果将是加深对如何使用雷达确定海冰地球物理和热力学状态的理解，开发和验证创新的电磁建模技术，以及改进海冰中石油的检测方法。天线将被模拟、构建、测试并集成到用于遥感应用的新型测量平台中。 北极遥感领域的发现将有助于保持加拿大作为北方可持续发展相关技术、科学和经济问题研究领导者的地位。该研究项目建立在曼尼托巴大学工程学院和地球观测科学中心（CEOS）之间的合作研究成果的基础上，并得到了工业界合作伙伴的支持。硬件研究将在电气和计算机工程系进行，而遥感研究将在海冰环境研究设施（SERF）和由 CFI 资助的新丘吉尔海洋天文台（CMO）进行。