Liquid fuel combustion: Droplets formation, vaporization and combustion

液体燃料燃烧：液滴形成、汽化和燃烧

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05468
• 负责人: Birouk, Madjid
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711434
• 关键词: Liquid; fuel; combustion; Droplets; formation

Spray/Droplets formation, vaporization and combustion are the processes controlling the efficiency and emissions of power generation systems such as gas turbine and diesel engine. In the combustion chamber of these systems, upon its injection, liquid fuel breaks up into droplets to increase the mixing between the oxidant and fuel but more importantly to ease and enhance the vaporization process of liquid fuel and hence the combustion performance. Therefore, understanding these processes is crucial for the design and development of these systems. Although the characteristics of a liquid jet injected into a gaseous flow have been studied extensively, there still remain many challenges. This is due mainly to a) the complex nature of this two-phase flow phenomenon and b) the fact that these processes depend on the engine load requirements as well as the injection system, and state and conditions of the surroundings fluid flow. For instance, the features of a liquid jet injected into a gaseous environment vary significantly with liquid properties, operating/test conditions of the surroundings airflow and nozzle/injector internal geometry. Currently used computer codes employed by industry for modeling and designing spray combustion still rely on untested approximations of the effect of gas phase turbulence. This is mainly driven by the lack of knowledge on the effect of gas phase turbulence on droplets (or spray) vaporization especially under realistic test conditions. Additionally, although there exist several published computer studies on the burning characteristics of droplets under flow conditions simulating those encountered in real combustion chambers, experimental data reporting on the effect of gas phase turbulence at elevated pressure and temperature conditions on micron-sized (realistic) droplets is still unavailable. The proposed research program will lead to significant scientific advances where new knowledge and comprehensive data at realistic test conditions will be generated. The findings of this research will greatly aid Canadian (e.g., aerospace and automobile) industry to construct more reliable computer codes/models for designing efficient and less pollutant power generation systems. In addition, several HQP (5 graduate and 4 undergraduate students), who will trained during the course of the proposed research, will acquire the knowledge and skills in demand for the Canadian aerospace and automotive industry as well as other energy sectors.

喷雾/液滴的形成、蒸发和燃烧是控制发电系统（如燃气涡轮机和柴油机）的效率和排放的过程。在这些系统的燃烧室中，液体燃料在喷射时破碎成液滴，以增加氧化剂和燃料之间的混合，但更重要的是，可以缓解和增强液体燃料的蒸发过程，从而提高燃烧性能。因此，了解这些过程对于这些系统的设计和开发至关重要。虽然液体射流注入气流的特性已经被广泛研究，但仍然存在许多挑战。这主要是由于a）该两相流现象的复杂性质和B）这些过程取决于发动机负载要求以及喷射系统和周围流体流的状态和条件的事实。 例如，喷射到气体环境中的液体射流的特征随着液体性质、周围气流的操作/测试条件和喷嘴/喷射器内部几何形状而显著变化。目前工业上用于喷雾燃烧建模和设计的计算机代码仍然依赖于未经检验的气相湍流效应的近似值。这主要是由于缺乏对气相湍流对液滴（或喷雾）蒸发的影响的了解，特别是在实际测试条件下。此外，虽然有几个已发表的计算机研究液滴的燃烧特性的流动条件下，模拟那些遇到的真实的燃烧室，实验数据报告的影响，气相湍流在高压和高温条件下的微米大小的（现实的）液滴仍然是不可用的。 拟议的研究计划将导致重大的科学进步，在现实的测试条件下产生新的知识和全面的数据。这项研究的结果将极大地帮助加拿大人（例如，航空航天和汽车）工业，以构建更可靠的计算机代码/模型，用于设计高效和污染较少的发电系统。此外，几名HQP（5名研究生和4名本科生）将在拟议的研究过程中接受培训，将获得加拿大航空航天和汽车工业以及其他能源部门所需的知识和技能。