Heat and Moisture Exchangers for Energy-Efficient Buildings: Fouling, Frosting and Sorption

节能建筑的热湿交换器：结垢、结霜和吸附

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06779
• 负责人: Simonson, Carey
• 金额: $ 4.01万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=711945
• 关键词: Heat; Moisture; Exchangers; Energy; Efficient

Buildings are an integral part of Canadian society and economy as Canadians spend over 90% of their time in buildings. Furthermore, 30% to 50% of energy consumption is used to heat and cool buildings in Canada and other developed countries. Thus, buildings that provide Canadians with a comfortable and healthy place to work and live are essential for a healthy, prosperous and sustainable nation. Recent advances in energy-efficiency have reduced the amount of energy required to heat or cool buildings. Major advances have been achieved in: (1) building envelope performance (e.g., better windows and insulation) so that less energy is needed to heat or cool buildings, and (2) HVAC equipment efficiency (where a higher efficiency means that more heat can be added to or removed from the building with the same energy input such as electricity or natural gas). Despite these advances, which have improved building performance and even led to buildings that produce as much energy as they consume over a certain period (called “net-zero energy buildings”), relatively little work has been done on the moisture transfer in buildings. As a result, the moisture transfer efficiency of HVAC equipment has changed little even though removing moisture from a hot humid air stream during a cooling process may require 2 to 3 times more energy than simply cooling the air with no moisture transfer. Furthermore, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that the demand for cooling in buildings will increase 30 times over this century meaning that moisture transfer efficiency will become even more important. The proposed NSERC Discovery Grant aims to improve the moisture transfer efficiency of HVAC systems by studying two moisture exchangers: (a) liquid-to-air membrane energy exchangers (LAMEEs), a recent development of my research group that received a NSERC Synergy Award, and (b) desiccant-coated energy wheels, an established technology. This will be achieved by conducting experimental and numerical studies on three surface phenomena: (1) FROSTING, (2) FOULING and (3) SORPTION in these energy exchangers, which are important for practical application of the two moisture exchangers noted above (LAMEEs and energy wheels). Thus, this Discovery Grant research will address the growing need for energy-efficient HVAC systems that control moisture in buildings, while providing data that will improve the fundamental understanding of heat and moisture transfer processes and phase change at surfaces.

建筑是加拿大社会和经济不可分割的一部分，因为加拿大人90%以上的时间都花在建筑上。此外，在加拿大和其他发达国家，30%至50%的能源消耗用于建筑物的供暖和制冷。因此，为加拿大人提供舒适和健康的工作和生活场所的建筑对于一个健康、繁荣和可持续的国家至关重要。