Developing Safety Management Systems (SMS) Models

加拿大工程师越来越多地采用了解风险的方法来设计、建造和运营设施。然而，很少有工程师在识别和管理风险方面拥有全面的专业知识，或者了解各种管理系统(项目管理、安全管理、风险管理等)是如何互动。2015年，加拿大有超过75.6万人提出伤害索赔，23.2万人因工作损失时间，852人死于职业伤害和疾病。这类事件还会造成环境破坏和重大商业损失。工程师未能预见和预防这些事件；尽管我们的道德准则规定，保护公众是至高无上的。即使在发生了高度可见、后果严重的事件后，由于强调生产而不是安全、基于合规(CyA)的安全计划和以责任为导向的文化，公司未能解决根本原因。 然而，这些失败并不令人惊讶；因为安全管理系统(SMS)往往忽略了：i)生产与安全需求，ii)不同管理系统促进的能力和组织文化的整合，和/或iii)将合同作为外包风险的手段。我的研究计划的目标是通过整合这些缺失的元素来增强短信建模。 总体而言，我的研究有可能在未来五年做出几项重要贡献： &gt；首先，我将确定工程公司使用的关键绩效指标的一组扩展的SMS元素之间的关系，并对其进行操作和建模。 &gt；其次，我将把该模型应用于更多的公司(例如，建筑业主、总承包商、分包商)，以检验该模型的参数和由此产生的绩效如何随组织类型的变化而变化。 第三，我将研究这一模式在不同行业(例如采矿和炼油)的跨组织项目(业主、主承包商、分包商)中的适用性，以检查如何胜任？例如炼油厂使用的过程安全管理技术？可能会被输送到其他项目/运营伙伴，如尾矿。 因此，可以评估不同实践和流程处方的相对有效性，以便为它们的实施提供业务案例。这项研究将用于促进更安全、更有生产力的工作环境和加拿大工业的整体竞争力。

Increasingly, Canadian engineers have adopted risk-informed approaches to design, construct, and operate facilities. Yet, few engineers have comprehensive expertise in identifying and managing risk or understanding how the various management systems (project management, safety management, risk management, etc.) interact. In 2015 in Canada, there were over 756,000 injury claims, 232,000 with time lost from the job, and 852 fatalities from occupational injuries and disease. Such incidents also result in environmental damage and significant business losses. Engineers failed to foresee and prevent these incidents; despite that our Code of Ethics states that protection of the public is paramount. Even after highly visible, high-consequence incidents, companies fail to fix the root causes due to an emphasis on production over safety, compliance-based (CYA) safety programs, and blame-oriented culture. These failures are not surprising; however, as Safety Management Systems (SMS) tend to overlook: i) production versus safety demands, ii) integration of competencies and organizational culture promoted by different management systems, and/or iii) contracting as means of outsourcing risk. The objective of my research program is to enhance SMS modeling by incorporating these missing elements. Overall, my research has the potential to make several important contributions over the next five years: > First, I will identify, operationalize, and model the relationships amongst an expanded set of SMS elements for key performance indicators used by engineering companies. > Second, I will apply this model to an expanded set of companies (e.g., construction owners, prime contractors, subcontractors) to examine how the model's parameters and resulting performances vary by organizational type. > Third, I will examine the applicability of this model to inter-organizational projects (owners prime contractor subcontractors) in various industries (e.g., mining versus refining) to examine how competencies ? such as a refinery's use of process safety management techniques ? may be conveyed to other project/operations partners like tailings. Thus, the relative effectiveness of differing practice and process prescriptions can be assessed to make the business case' for their implementation. This research will be used to promote safer and more productive work environments and the overall competitiveness of Canadian industry.