Research and Development of Numerical Methods of Multiphysics and Multiscale Modeling for Emerging Technology Applications and Designs

人工智能，能源和电力系统，物联网（IoT），5G通信和材料已经成为将对我们未来的工作和生活方式带来重大变化和影响的技术领域。它们都包含用于广泛应用的新型电子和电气电路和系统，从无人驾驶车辆到个人健康监测系统，从无线电力采集和传输到成像和传感。工作频率的范围已经从几赫兹的低频扩展到太赫兹/光学频率，并且组件或系统的不同部分的空间尺寸从纳米到几十米不等。这些应用已经或将使电气和电子电路和系统的设计和优化非常具有挑战性：由于电路和系统需要具有低成本和小尺寸以及强大的功能，因此在设计和优化中不仅必须考虑电磁效应（例如场分布，传播），而且还必须考虑多物理现象（例如热，力，舌，等离子体，量子）。他们需要高效和有效的仿真方法来（i）开发新的工程材料，新的组件，（ii）缩短设计周期和（iii）提高竞争力。 我们最近在电磁结构数值模拟方法方面的工作为推进和扩展上述多物理场和多尺度建模领域提供了机会和基础。基于这些方法，我们将开发一种新的广义方法来模拟电磁耦合的热，力，光子，等离子体，量子和其他物理现象，并形成一个计算平台，统一了大多数多物理场和多尺度建模的数值方法，包括随机特性。我们将扩展我们的建模理论，并为电子和电气组件和系统的多物理场和多尺度建模开发相关软件。我们将扩展和纳入我们最近的工作分析解决方案和特征分解的时域数值方法和时间反演最小二乘技术到统一的计算方法。然后，我们将应用它来建模，设计和优化新兴的电子和汽车充电无线功率传输组件和系统，用于5G通信的毫米波组件和系统，纳米和太赫兹/光学成像设备和系统，用于检测生物组织和化学制剂（例如爆炸物和DNA）。该研究计划的最终成果预计不仅是多物理场和多尺度建模的计算方法和软件包，而且还包括适用于新兴技术领域的新电气元件，电路和系统。

Artificial intelligence, energy & power systems, internet-of-things (IoT), 5G communications, and materials have emerged as the technology areas that will bring significant changes and impacts on how we work and live in the future. They all encompass novel electronic and electrical circuits and systems for a wide range of applications, from unmanned vehicles to personal health monitoring systems, from wireless power harvesting and transfer to imaging and sensing. The range of operating frequencies has been extended from a low frequency of a few Hertz to terahertz/optical frequency and spatial dimensions of different parts of a component or a system vary from nanometers to tens of meters. These applications have made or will make designs and optimizations of electrical and electronic circuits and systems very challenging: since circuits and systems are required to be of low cost and small size with powerful functionality, not only electromagnetic effects (e.g. field distributions, propagation) but also Multiphysics phenomena (e.g. thermal, force, tongue, plasmonics, quantum) must be considered in design and optimization. They demand for efficient and effective simulation methods to (i) develop new engineered materials, novel components, (ii) shortening design cycles and (iii) increase competitiveness. Our recent work on numerical methods for simulating electromagnetic structures has presented the opportunity and foundation for advancing and expanding the areas of the above-mentioned Multiphysics and multiscale modeling. Based on these methods, we will develop a new generalized method for modeling electromagnetics-coupled thermal, force, photonic, plasmonic, quantum and other physical phenomena, and form a computational platform that unifies most numerical methods for Multiphysics and multiscale modeling including stochastic characterizations. We will expand our modeling theory and develop associated software for Multiphysics and multiscale modeling of electronic and electrical components and systems. We will expand and incorporate our recent work on analytical solutions and eigen-decompositions of time-domain numerical methods and the time reversal least-square technique into the unifying computational method. We will then apply it to model, design and optimize emerging components and systems of wireless power transfer for electronics and automobile charging, mm-wave components and systems for 5G communications, nano- and terahertz/optical imaging devices and systems for detection of biological tissues and chemical agents (e.g. explosives and DNA). The end results of this research program are expected to be not only the computational methods and software packages for Multiphysics and multiscale modeling but also new electrical components, circuits and systems applicable to emerging technology areas.