Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes

海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-05607
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    加拿大
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    加拿大
  • 起止时间:
    2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Dust aerosols play a direct role in Earth's energy balance by scattering as well as absorbing radiation. Mineral dust and its associated nutrients also fertilize ecosystems and thus influence climate indirectly via photosynthesis and carbon uptake. However, large gaps exist in our understanding of the global dust cycle, in part due to the severe lack of direct observations of dust deposition in present and past environments. Mineral dust and its effect on radiative forcing and future climate have been identified as critical areas of research by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). The first objective of this proposal is to investigate how much dust was deposited where, at what time, and from which sources, and whether changes in dust deposition caused changes in phytoplankton productivity and carbon removal from the upper ocean-atmosphere system. We combine measurements of a novel radioisotope tracer (232Th) with other geochemical proxies in marine sediment cores to generate new paleo records of dust deposition and organic carbon fluxes in the global ocean. The results are compared to simulations of state-of-the-art coupled climate models, such as the Community Climate System Model (CCSM), which are used in climate change scenarios by the ICPP and provide time slice as well as transient targets for hindcasting studies of the dust cycle. Research related to this objective generates critical new knowledge on the dust and carbon cycles in the undisturbed atmosphere-ocean system of the past, which is a recognized pre-requisite for the accurate prediction of future climate conditions. In addition to recording past environmental conditions, marine sediments act increasingly as a sink for pollutants from human activities, especially in coastal areas. Using highly similar geochemical tools as above, the second objective of this research program is to investigate metal fluxes in coastal sediments near finfish aquaculture operations. Canadian aquaculture production has expanded fourfold since the 1990's, reaching ~187,000 tonnes worth $967 million in 2015. However, aquaculture related activities appear to cause increased accumulation of harmful metals, such Cu and Zn, in underlying sediments. We will analyze metal fluxes in coastal sites that are proximal and distal to finfish aquaculture operations and compare observed levels with baseline values (pre-Anthropocene, pre-industrial). We will test whether metal concentrations exceed Probable Effect Levels (PEL) identified by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. If so, we will investigate whether there is a risk of metal re-mobilization back into the water column. Research related to objective 2 generates new insight that will advance our understanding of environmental sustainability in coastal areas and contribute to sustainable resource extraction in Canada.
尘埃气溶胶通过散射和吸收辐射,在地球的能量平衡中起着直接的作用。矿物粉尘及其相关的营养物质也为生态系统施肥,从而通过光合作用和碳吸收间接影响气候。然而,我们对全球沙尘循环的理解存在很大差距,部分原因是严重缺乏对现在和过去环境中沙尘沉积的直接观测。矿物粉尘及其对辐射强迫和未来气候的影响已被政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)确定为关键的研究领域。该提案的第一个目标是调查在什么时间、什么地点、从什么来源沉积了多少粉尘,以及粉尘沉积的变化是否会导致浮游植物生产力和上层海洋-大气系统碳去除的变化。我们将一种新型放射性同位素示踪剂(232Th)的测量结果与海洋沉积物岩心中的其他地球化学指标相结合,生成了全球海洋中粉尘沉积和有机碳通量的新古记录。这些结果与最先进的耦合气候模式的模拟结果进行了比较,例如社区气候系统模式(CCSM),后者被ICPP用于气候变化情景,为沙尘循环的后推研究提供了时间片和瞬态目标。与这一目标相关的研究产生了关于过去未受干扰的大气-海洋系统中尘埃和碳循环的关键新知识,这是准确预测未来气候条件的公认先决条件。

项目成果

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Kienast, Stephanie其他文献

Kienast, Stephanie的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Kienast, Stephanie', 18)}}的其他基金

Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-05607
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-05607
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-05607
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-05607
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sedimentary Records of Past Marine Environments
过去海洋环境的沉积记录
  • 批准号:
    418518-2012
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sedimentary Records of Past Marine Environments
过去海洋环境的沉积记录
  • 批准号:
    418518-2012
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sedimentary Records of Past Marine Environments
过去海洋环境的沉积记录
  • 批准号:
    418518-2012
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sedimentary Records of Past Marine Environments
过去海洋环境的沉积记录
  • 批准号:
    418518-2012
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sedimentary Records of Past Marine Environments
过去海洋环境的沉积记录
  • 批准号:
    418518-2012
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
Sedimentary Records of Past Marine Environments
过去海洋环境的沉积记录
  • 批准号:
    418518-2012
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual

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Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
  • 批准号:
    RGPIN-2018-05607
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 1.82万
  • 项目类别:
    Discovery Grants Program - Individual
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Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
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Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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Pleistocene Sediments around South Georgia: archives for Antarctic Circumpolar Current dynamics and climate-induced signals in Sub-Antarctica (Past-ACC)
南乔治亚岛周围的更新世沉积物:南极绕极流动力学和亚南极洲气候诱发信号的档案(过去 ACC)
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Marine sediments as archives of past climate and recent anthropogenic changes
海洋沉积物作为过去气候和近期人为变化的档案
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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