Are dynamic joint mechanics, neuromotor function, and visual gaze in soccer players impacted by player characteristics, task demands, and environmental conditions?

足球运动员的动态关节力学、神经运动功能和视觉凝视是否受到球员特征、任务要求和环境条件的影响？

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-06525
• 负责人: Robbins, Shawn
• 金额: $ 2.33万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=714299
• 关键词: dynamic; joint; mechanics; neuromotor; function

Movements performed during sports are complex tasks that require coordination between multiple body parts. The demands placed on the body during these activities are impacted by athlete characteristics (e.g. age), task demands (e.g. direction of cutting), and environment (e.g. obstacles). My sport biomechanics research program explores how these factors impact the overall performance of specific sporting tasks including skating. The current research will examine how athlete characteristics, task demands, and environmental factors impact tasks commonly performed in soccer, specifically cutting while running (i.e. quick change in direction). Over 800,000 Canadians were registered to play soccer in 2015 making it one of the fastest growing sports in Canada. Research is needed to determine how soccer players complete their various movements in challenging environments that require them to adapt to constantly changing situations. This research needs to be conducted in a manner that attempts to replicate real game situations. Understanding how athlete characteristics impact how they complete these movements is critical if we are to design coaching interventions specific to players' abilities and game situations in order to maximize player performance. Furthermore, investigating how movements change based on athlete characteristics, task demands, and environment will further our understanding of how these factors may result in improper movement patterns and if we can limit these negative consequences with training. This research will also contribute to scientific knowledge by studying how movement changes with age and how people avoid obstacles in complex environments. The objectives of this research is to examine how age, sex, experience, presence of obstacles, and training affect the movement pattern of soccer players while performing a cutting while running task. This research will include a series of interrelated projects with each examining how joint motion changes with varying athlete characteristics, task demands, or environmental conditions. The first project will compare cutting between different age groups and sexes. The second study will compare cutting between players with different experience levels when opposing player obstacles are presented or not presented. The third study will incorporate a training program into the warm-up routine of a soccer team, and compare their movement patterns during cutting before and after the season. Equipment will be utilized to measure how these players complete the cutting while running task including a camera system to measure body position, an electromyography system to measure when the muscles are contracting, and equipment capable of tracking where players are looking. The main variables will include joint angles and coordination, obstacle avoidance variables, muscle activation, and visual gaze.

在运动期间执行的动作是复杂的任务，需要多个身体部位之间的协调。在这些活动中对身体的要求受到运动员特征（例如年龄），任务要求（例如切割方向）和环境（例如障碍物）的影响。我的运动生物力学研究计划探讨了这些因素如何影响包括滑冰在内的特定运动任务的整体表现。目前的研究将研究运动员的特征，任务要求和环境因素如何影响足球中通常执行的任务，特别是在跑步时切割（即快速改变方向）。 2015年，超过80万加拿大人注册踢足球，使其成为加拿大发展最快的运动之一。需要研究来确定足球运动员如何在具有挑战性的环境中完成各种动作，这些环境要求他们适应不断变化的情况。这项研究需要进行的方式，试图复制真实的游戏情况。了解运动员的特征如何影响他们如何完成这些动作是至关重要的，如果我们要设计具体的教练干预球员的能力和比赛情况，以最大限度地提高球员的表现。此外，调查运动员的特征、任务要求和环境如何改变运动，将进一步了解这些因素如何导致不正确的运动模式，以及我们是否可以通过训练来限制这些负面影响。这项研究还将通过研究运动如何随年龄变化以及人们如何在复杂环境中避开障碍物来促进科学知识。 本研究旨在探讨年龄、性别、经验、障碍物的存在、训练等因素对足球运动员在执行边跑边切任务时的运动模式的影响。这项研究将包括一系列相互关联的项目，每个项目都将研究关节运动如何随着运动员的特征、任务要求或环境条件的变化而变化。第一个项目将比较不同年龄组和性别之间的切割。第二项研究将比较不同经验水平的球员之间的切割时，对方球员的障碍，存在或不存在。第三项研究将把训练计划纳入足球队的热身程序，并比较他们在赛季前后的运动模式。将使用设备来测量这些球员如何在跑步时完成切割任务，包括测量身体位置的摄像系统，测量肌肉收缩时的肌电图系统，以及能够跟踪球员目光的设备。主要变量将包括关节角度和协调、避障变量、肌肉激活和视觉注视。