Continuous Development, Maintenance, and Evolution of Cyber-Physical Systems

计算机物理系统(CPSS)是指由软件和物理组件组成的系统，用于监视、控制和协调其他机电单元、软件和物理世界的各个方面。CPSS涵盖了广泛的关键任务应用，包括智能电网、全市交通控制、自动驾驶汽车、智能家居、智能农业、食品供应链的智能管理、工厂自动化系统，以及支持经济高效的医疗保健提供的应用。一些智库预计，未来的CPS应用将比过去30年的IT革命更具变革性。 然而，这些系统在建模、开发、部署和演变过程中提出了一系列新的挑战。这不仅是因为CPSS软件组件和设备需要与物理世界进行大量交互，还因为与频繁的自适应-重用操作相关的实际挑战，需要较短的发布周期来向具有不同需求的许多平台中的许多用户引入新功能，以及需要以前所未有的规模和复杂性管理部署风险。尽管研究界已经开始调查一些研究领域，以解决CPSS的工程问题，但到目前为止，在支持此类系统的持续开发、维护和发展的开发和运营(DevOps)框架方面的工作非常有限。 本项目要解决的具体研究问题是a)如何建模和表示CPSS中的依赖关系(即硬件设备、软件组件、数据源、系统利益相关者、第三方系统之间的依赖关系)，b)需要什么分析来帮助系统工程师了解系统的健康状况，识别系统的热点，执行根本原因分析，并在维护和发展过程中评估故障风险，以及c)设计门控DevOps管道来自动化构建、测试、交付、部署和维护过程。

Cyber-Physical systems (CPSs) refer to systems consisting of software and physical components that monitor, control, and coordinate other electro-mechanical units, software, and aspects of the physical world. CPSs encompass a wide range of mission-critical applications that include smart electrical grids, city-wide traffic control, autonomous cars, smart homes, smart farming, the intelligent management of the food supply chain, factory automation systems, and applications that support cost effective health care delivery. Several think tanks expect future CPS applications to be more transformative than the IT revolution of the past three decades. However, these systems pose a set of new challenges related to their modeling, development, deployment and evolution processes. This is not only due to the heavy interactions CPSs software components and devices entail with the physical world, but also due to the practical challenges related to frequent adapt-reuse operations, the need for short release cycles to introduce new features to many users in many platforms with varying requirements, and the need of managing deployment risk in a scale and complexity we have not seen before. Even though the research community has started investigating a number of research areas to address the engineering of CPSs, there is very limited work to date on Development and Operations (DevOps) frameworks to support the continuous development, maintenance, and evolution of such systems. The specific research questions to be addressed in this project are a) how to model and denote dependencies in CPSs (i.e. dependencies between hardware devices, software components, data sources, system stakeholders, third party systems), b) what analytics are required to assist system engineers understand the system's health, identify the system's hot spots, perform root cause analysis, and assess failure risks during maintenance and evolution, and c) devise gated DevOps pipelines to automate build, testing, delivery, deployment, and maintenance processes.