Production of Useful Chemicals, Liquid Fuels and Solids from Industrial Wastes Available in Northern BC and Canada

不列颠哥伦比亚省北部和加拿大利用工业废物生产有用化学品、液体燃料和固体

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06668
• 负责人: Thring, Ronald
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: University of Northern British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=716241
• 关键词: Production; Useful; Chemicals; Liquid; Fuels

The increasing concern about the future availability of petroleum as the main source of liquid fuels and chemicals has prompted the search for alternatives. Attention is turning to the conversion of low-value streams from biomass operations, and oil and gas processes, to higher-value products. Plant biomass-derived fuels and chemicals are currently the only carbon-neutral, renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Renewable gasoline/diesel fuels are the transportation fuels of the future. Thus, the use of low/negative value wastes, produced from the industrial processing of renewable and non-renewable raw materials, deserve acute attention. In Canada and northern BC in particular, the generation of higher value products from low value “renewables” from wood processing (e.g. lignin, biomass residues) and “non-renewables” from oil refining (e.g. FCC bottoms, petroleum sludge) is key for the continued economic viability of these important industries. The long-term goal of this Discovery Grant is to develop suitable strategies to generate high value-added products directly from low/negative value waste streams and resources. Two approaches will be studied. One will investigate new upgrading routes to produce unprecedentedly high yields of infrastructure compatible fuels (e.g. hydrocarbons) and high-value “non-fuel” specialty chemicals (e.g. flavors, cosmetics) from the selective conversion of these low-cost materials. A key objective will be to use a single reactor and lean in-situ hydrogen conditions to maximize safety and minimize economic costs. Two laboratory reactors (fixed-bed, stirred tank) operating separately or in tandem will be used to study the performance of selected catalysts. Compatible waste streams will be co-processed to potentially improve the selectivity and product yield. For the promising route(s), the kinetics, mechanism(s), modeling, and reaction conditions in terms of conversion, product yield and selectivity will be determined. The other approach will study these waste streams (or portions thereof) for the production of useful advanced materials via granulation, activation and other techniques. For example, their use as sources of low-cost biochars and adsorbents for pollutant removal from industrial waste waters will be investigated. In each strategy, essential structure-property relationships will be elucidated via appropriate characterization studies, with practical applications and economic benefits identified for the most promising products and processes. This Discovery Grant program is well suited to train Highly Qualified Personnel (HQP) for the emerging job markets in bio-refining and waste upgrading. The proposed work will lead to several benefits, including: pollution reduction created by industrial wastes and residues, and valorization of forestry and petroleum byproducts; all with significantly positive economic and environmental impacts.

人们越来越担心石油作为液体燃料和化学品的主要来源，这促使人们寻找替代品。人们的注意力正转向将低价值流从生物质作业和石油和天然气加工转化为高价值产品。植物生物质衍生燃料和化学品是目前唯一的碳中性、可再生的化石燃料替代品。可再生汽油/柴油燃料是未来的运输燃料。因此，对可再生和不可再生原料的工业加工所产生的低/负价值废物的利用应引起高度重视。特别是在加拿大和不列颠哥伦比亚省北部，从木材加工（如木质素、生物质残留物）和炼油（如FCC底部、石油污泥）的低价值“可再生能源”中产生高价值产品是这些重要行业持续经济可行性的关键。这项发现基金的长期目标是制定合适的战略，直接从低/负价值的废物流和资源中产生高附加值的产品。将研究两种方法。一个将研究新的升级路线，从这些低成本材料的选择性转化中生产出前所未有的高产量的基础设施兼容燃料（例如碳氢化合物）和高价值的“非燃料”特种化学品（例如香料，化妆品）。一个关键目标将是使用单个反应堆和精益的原位氢气条件，以最大限度地提高安全性和最小化经济成本。两个单独或串联操作的实验室反应器（固定床，搅拌槽）将用于研究所选催化剂的性能。兼容的废物流将被协同处理，以潜在地提高选择性和产品收率。对于有前途的路线，动力学，机理，建模和反应条件，转化率，产物收率和选择性将被确定。另一种方法将研究这些废物流（或其中的一部分），通过造粒、活化和其他技术生产有用的先进材料。例如，将研究它们作为低成本生物炭和吸附剂从工业废水中去除污染物的来源。在每个策略中，基本的结构-性质关系将通过适当的表征研究来阐明，并为最有前途的产品和工艺确定实际应用和经济效益。该项目非常适合培养高素质人才（HQP），以满足生物精炼和废物升级等新兴就业市场的需求。拟议的工作将带来若干好处，包括：减少工业废物和残留物造成的污染，使林业和石油副产品增值；所有这些都具有显著的积极的经济和环境影响。