Fundamental Symmetry Tests with Trapped Antihydrogen: ALPHA at CERN/AD

捕获反氢的基本对称性测试：CERN/AD 的 ALPHA

• 批准号: SAPPJ-2020-00022
• 负责人: Fujiwara, Makoto
• 金额: $ 64.84万
• 依托单位: TRIUMF
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Project
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=718764
• 关键词: Fundamental; Symmetry; Tests; Trapped; Antihydrogen

This grant will support Canadian contributions to the scientific program of the CERN-based ALPHA Collaboration. The goal of ALPHA is to measure properties of the antihydrogen atom to the highest precision possible, and to compare them to those of the ordinary hydrogen atom. These comparisons serve as tests of fundamental symmetries between matter and antimatter, and are expected to shed light on issues that rank amongst some of the greatest unsolved problems in physics. The ALPHA Collaboration comprises approximately 50 scientists from 15 institutions in 7 countries. More than a third of those individuals come from Canadian research laboratories and universities (collectively called ALPHA-Canada), and will be supported by this grant. ALPHA-Canada has been funded by NSERC continuously since the ALPHA Collaboration was formed in 2005, and has played leading roles in many of ALPHA's most significant accomplishments. Examples of earlier high-profile milestones driven by NSERC funding include: stable (Nature 2010) and long term (Nature Physics 2011) trapping of neutral antimatter, proof of principle microwave spectroscopy (Nature 2012), and tests of charge neutrality (Nature Communications 2014 and Nature 2016). During the tenure of our most recent three-year funding cycle, we dramatically advanced the field of antihydrogen physics. In particular, construction and commissioning of a new apparatus (ALPHA-2) enabled us to transition from what one might call “proof-of-principle” demonstrations to a robust program of precision physics. Examples of scientific milestones attained since our last SAP Project Grant application was submitted to NSERC (October 2016) include: observation of laser-induced two-photon 1S-2S transitions in antihydrogen (Nature 2017), and a subsequent 2 part-per-trillion measurement of the frequency of that transition (Nature 2018); observation of the ground hyperfine spectrum of antihydrogen (Nature 2017), and a subsequent 9 part-per-million measurement of the frequency of that transition (Nature, under review); observation of the 1S-2P Lyman-alpha transition in antihydrogen (Nature 2018), and a subsequent measurement of the fine structure and Lamb shift (Nature, under review); and laser-cooling of antihydrogen and subsequent 1S-2S spectroscopy of laser-cooled antihydrogen (manuscripts under preparation). Further to this, we have developed and constructed yet another antihydrogen apparatus: ALPHA-g. The purpose of ALPHA-g is to enable experiments that will probe the gravitational interaction between antihydrogen and the Earth, yielding a first direct test of Einstein's Equivalence Principle in the antimatter sector. ALPHA-Canada has, is, and will play leading roles most aspects of the ALPHA-g program. In this application, we request funding to support and exciting and highly visible three-year program of activities that will significantly advance the frontiers of precision fundamental symmetry tests with antihydrogen atoms.

该赠款将支持加拿大对基于CERN的Alpha合作科学计划的贡献。 α的目的是测量抗氢原子的性质至最高的精度，并将其与普通氢原子的性质进行比较。这些比较是对物质和反物质之间基本对称性的测试，并有望阐明在物理学中一些最大的未解决问题的问题之一。 Alpha合作组成了来自7个国家的15个机构的大约50位科学家。超过三分之一的人来自加拿大研究实验室和大学（统称为Alpha-Canada），并将得到这笔赠款的支持。自Alpha Clockoration于2005年成立以来，Alpha-Canada一直由Nserc资助，并在Alpha许多最重要的成就中发挥了领导作用。 NSERC资金驱动的早期备受瞩目的里程碑的例子包括：稳定（自然2010年）和长期（自然物理学2011）中性反物质的捕获，原理微波光谱证明（自然2012）以及电荷中立性的测试（自然通讯2014年和自然2016年）。 在我们最近三年的资金周期的任期内，我们在抗湿生理物理学领域迈出了巨大的发展。特别是，新型设备（Alpha-2）的构建和调试使我们能够从人们所说的“原理证明”演示过渡到一个强大的精确物理学计划。自我们上次SAP项目授予申请以来附带的科学里程碑的示例已提交给NSERC（2016年10月）包括：观察抗溶质基因的激光诱导的两光子1S-2S转变（自然，2017年），随后的2次零件每三分之二（自然2018年自然）的频率（自然2018年）；观察抗溶质原的地面高精细光谱（自然2017年），随后对该过渡频率进行了9份的9份测量（自然，正在审查）；观察到抗溶性中的1s-2p莱曼 - 阿尔法过渡（自然，2018年），以及随后测量良好的结构和羔羊转移（自然，正在审查中）；和激光冷却激光冷却的激光冷却性抗湿滴（手稿）的1S-2S光谱法。 除此之外，我们已经开发并构建了另一个抗氧气：alpha-g。 Alpha-G的目的是启用实验，以探测抗溶质与地球之间的重力相互作用，从而在反物质扇区中首次直接测试爱因斯坦的等效原理。 Alpha-Canada曾经，并且将扮演Alpha-G计划的大多数方面的领导角色。 在此应用程序中，我们要求提供资金，以支持和令人兴奋且高度可见的三年活动计划，这些活动将大大推动抗溶质原子的精确基本对称性测试的前沿。