Cutting down wait lists for organ transplants by pre-treatment of donor organs

通过对供体器官进行预处理，减少器官移植的等待名单

• 批准号: 549733-2020
• 负责人: Withers, Stephen
• 金额: $ 10.79万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Health Research Projects
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=722600
• 关键词: Cutting; down; wait; lists; organ

Waitlists for organ transplants are often extremely lengthy due to the need to identify availabledonor organs that are a good match to the patient requiring the transplant. This process ofmatching involves identifying organs that have similar external markers known as antigens,to those on the patients own tissues. Amongst the antigens that have to be matched arethose that distinguish A, B and O type blood from each other. The relevant antigens on redblood cells are in fact very simple sugar molecules. A,B and O red blood cells all share acommon substructure of sugars, but A and B red blood cells differ in each having one extrasugar attached. The applicants have recently developed a way of removing that additionalsugar with enzymes so that they can convert A or B red blood cells to O type red blood cells.They are currently testing the safety of the Universal O type blood so developed. In thisproposal the ability of these same enzymes to remove these antigens from the surface ofdonated human organs will be tested and the safety and use of the modified organs will bethoroughly tested. If successful this would allow the organs from A and B blood typeindividuals to be converted into O type organs. This would improve the odds of transplantpatients obtaining matching organs, which would increase survival patient rates.

器官移植的等待名单通常非常长，因为需要确定与需要移植的患者匹配的可用供体器官。这一匹配过程包括识别具有与患者自身组织相似的外部标记（称为抗原）的器官。在必须匹配的抗原中，有一些是区分A、B和O型血的抗原。红细胞上的相关抗原实际上是非常简单的糖分子。A、B和O型红细胞都具有共同的糖结构，但A和B型红细胞的不同之处在于每个红细胞都有一个额外的糖连接。申请人最近开发了一种用酶去除额外的糖的方法，这样他们就可以将A或B型红细胞转化为O型红细胞。他们目前正在测试这样开发的通用O型血的安全性。在这项提议中，这些酶从捐赠的人体器官表面去除这些抗原的能力将被测试，并且修饰器官的安全性和使用将被彻底测试.如果成功的话，这将允许A和B血型个体的器官转化为O型器官。这将提高移植患者获得匹配器官的几率，从而提高患者的存活率。