Corrosion of steels in carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) combined with enhanced oil recovery (EOR) systems

在气候目标和更具吸引力的投资环境的推动下，CCUS部署的研究势头在全球范围内不断增长。安全可靠地运输和利用二氧化碳的基础设施的可用性对于CCUS的部署至关重要。延迟CCUS实施的一个主要问题是在超临界CO2 （S-CO2）条件下由水和其他杂质引起的建筑材料（MOC）腐蚀。钢是CCUS-EOR系统中的主要MOC，由于存在H2O、O2、SOx、H2S和NOx，钢在S-CO2环境中容易受到腐蚀。在过去的几十年里，有数百篇研究论文集中研究了钢在S-CO2条件下的腐蚀。尽管广泛的研究活动已经完成并且仍在进行中，但其中大多数是由孤立的研究小组完成的，不能有效地或高效地为制定通用的二氧化碳杂质和MOC选择标准做出贡献。所调查腐蚀环境的复杂性和所获得数据的多样性使得CCUS行业的实际操作标准的制定极具挑战性。这项研究计划的长期目标是促进CCUS-EOR技术在加拿大能源部门的实施。为了实现这一目标，提出了两项具体任务：1)以数据为导向的综述，涵盖S-CO2条件下CCUS-EOR钢的现有腐蚀数据，被忽视的因素以及值得重新评估的矛盾结论；2) CO2-EOR应用中不同MOCs在模拟地层水中的腐蚀评价。

Research momentum for the CCUS deployment is growing globally driven by the climate goals and a more attractive investment environment. The availability of infrastructure to transport and utilize CO2 safely and reliably is essential for the deployment of CCUS. One major issue in delaying the CCUS implementation is the corrosion of materials of constructions (MOC) caused by water and other impurities under supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) conditions. Steels are the primary MOC in CCUS-EOR systems and are susceptible to corrosion in S-CO2 environments because of the presence of H2O, O2, SOx, H2S, and NOx. Hundreds of research papers have focused on studying the corrosion of steels under S-CO2 conditions in the past decades. Although extensive research activities have been done and are still on-going, most of them are done by isolated research groups and cannot be effectively and or efficiently contribute to the development of universal CO2 impurity and MOC selection standards. The complexity of the investigated corrosive environments and the diversity of as-obtained data make it highly challenging to develop practical operation standards for CCUS industries. The long-term goal of this research program is to promote the implementation of CCUS-EOR technologies in the Canadian energy sectors. To achieve this, two specific tasks are proposed: 1) a data-oriented review covering the existing corrosion data of steels in CCUS-EOR under S-CO2 conditions, factors which have been overlooked, and contradictory conclusions which are worth re-evaluating; 2) corrosion assessment of various MOCs in simulated formation water for CO2-EOR applications.