Treatment of Industrial Wastewater

工业废水处理

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-04426
• 负责人: Biswas, Nihar
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: University of Windsor
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=737624
• 关键词: Treatment; Industrial; Wastewater

Contamination of fresh water is one of the most concerning environmental issues. Normally, the main sources of pollution have been organic matter and nutrients. However, chemicals like pharmaceuticals, hormones and personal care products (PPCPs) are finding their way into the receiving waters. The main sources of this pollution have been industrial and municipal wastewater treatment plant effluents. Most conventional treatment plants cannot remove PPCPs efficiently. These putative contaminants, entering the environment as wastewater treatment plant effluents, are known as "contaminants of emerging concern" or simply "emerging contaminants" (ECs). Pharmaceuticals such as acetaminophen, heteroaromatics such as benzothiazoles, and agrochemicals such as halogenated benzonitriles have wide application in commercial and industrial products and have been detected in industrial and domestic wastewater along with other organic contaminants such as azo-dyes, and have also been detected in soil, groundwater, and tap water. Commonly used wastewater treatment techniques are unable to effectively remove these toxic compounds and applying some of the advanced treatment technologies can exasperate the issue through the formation of more toxic byproducts during treatment. Although some of these contaminants have been linked to cancer or have shown endocrine-disrupting properties, their long-term effects on human and ecosystem health are largely unknown. Removal of these chemicals during industrial and domestic wastewater treatment, therefore, is of great importance. This research aims to effectively remove these recalcitrant compounds using enzymatic treatment, by which the compounds are converted to insoluble or less water-soluble oligomers. The insoluble oligomers are then separated from the solution by settling, with or without other unit operations such as coagulation/flocculation assisting in settling. Our goal is to assess the effect of different parameters on enzymatic treatment efficiency of these ECs in synthetic and real wastewater, both industrial and domestic. The key parameters to be investigated for their effects on abatement efficiency are pH, enzyme and peroxide concentrations, and the reaction time. Also, by identifying the treatment byproducts - both in solution as well as in the precipitates, evaluating its possible toxicity, we will propose a possible degradation pathway for these chemicals. Biocompatibility of treated wastewater will be determined by assessing the ecotoxicity of transformation products, and effluents. This research will broaden our knowledge on the fate and impact of widespread bio-refractory contaminants such as ECs and help in developing more viable and promising techniques for the treatment of hazardous pollutants, with the long-term goal is of developing full-scale cost-effective treatment systems.

淡水污染是最令人关注的环境问题之一。通常，污染的主要来源是有机物和营养物。然而，药品、激素和个人护理产品 (PPCP) 等化学物质正在设法进入受纳水域。这种污染的主要来源是工业和城市废水处理厂的废水。大多数传统处理厂无法有效去除 PPCP。这些假定的污染物作为废水处理厂废水进入环境，被称为“新出现的污染物”或简称为“新出现的污染物”(EC)。对乙酰氨基酚等药物、苯并噻唑等杂芳烃以及卤化苯甲腈等农用化学品在商业和工业产品中有着广泛的应用，并已在工业和生活废水中与偶氮染料等其他有机污染物一起被检测到，并且也在土壤、地下水和自来水中被检测到。常用的废水处理技术无法有效去除这些有毒化合物，并且应用一些先进的处理技术可能会在处理过程中形成更多有毒副产品，从而加剧问题。尽管其中一些污染物与癌症有关或显示出内分泌干扰特性，但它们对人类和生态系统健康的长期影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。 因此，在工业和生活废水处理过程中去除这些化学物质非常重要。本研究旨在通过酶处理有效去除这些顽固化合物，将化合物转化为不溶性或水溶性较差的低聚物。然后通过沉降将不溶性低聚物从溶液中分离出来，有或没有其他单元操作，例如有助于沉降的凝结/絮凝。我们的目标是评估不同参数对工业和生活合成废水和实际废水中这些 EC 的酶处理效率的影响。要研究对减排效率影响的关键参数是 pH 值、酶和过氧化物浓度以及反应时间。此外，通过识别溶液和沉淀物中的处理副产物，评估其可能的毒性，我们将为这些化学品提出可能的降解途径。处理后废水的生物相容性将通过评估转化产物和废水的生态毒性来确定。这项研究将拓宽我们对广泛存在的生物难降解污染物（如EC）的命运和影响的认识，并有助于开发更可行和更有前景的危险污染物处理技术，长期目标是开发全面的、具有成本效益的处理系统。