Scanning Probe Microscopies for Fundamental Nano-Science and Atom-Scale Devices

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A Platform for Energy Efficient "Green" Electronics Scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) trace out topography with an atom-sharp needle. Because the probe is so very sharp, it can record atom-sized features of the subject under investigation. Today, SPMs can do much more than record atom-resolved pictures. The nature of electricity at the atom scale can be probed, as can the ever so tiny forces that exist between atoms. Perhaps most exciting is the ability to pick up and place atoms to build designed structures. With advanced computational modeling tools, it is possible to predict properties of multi-atom ensembles, and, results of that modeling make it clear that some spectacular devices can be envisaged. Until now, however, no one could realize those designs. The tools did not exist in any lab. We have developed the most capable tools yet discovered for atom-crafting and we have made the tiny wires and switches that could allow new extremely efficient electronics - phones and computers and more - to be made. The tools include atomic editing methods. When an atom placement error is made, we can now remove the misplaced atom, leaving no vestige whatever that it was ever there. Then make a correct placement. Truly perfect structures result. In addition to being far smaller than today's micro electronic devices, the new prototyped devices are far more energy efficient. We can foresee replacements for our computers that are 100 times more energy efficient. Preparations to manufacturing these revolutionary devices has already begun, right here in Canada. The atom sharp needle used in the scanning probe microscope is also a Canadian invention. Because that needle has diverse uses and commercial potential, a new Canadian company is starting to manufacture the single atom tips.