Harnessing Wettability Control on Multiphase Flow in Porous Media: from Geologic Carbon Sequestration to Shale Gas/Oil Recovery

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Multiphase flow in porous media is important in modern energy systems, which include geologic carbon sequestration, groundwater remediation, and energy extraction. These subsurface processes represent a large and growing portion of the Canadian economy. For example, revenues from oil sands is projected to reach $2.5-trillion by 2038; shale gas/oil deposits in Alberta are estimated to rival those of the most prolific U.S. shale fields; and underground carbon sequestration sites could store 132-billion tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2), 150 times more than Canada's annual greenhouse gas emissions. Given its importance, it is critical that we achieve a comprehensive understanding of multiphase flow in porous media, so that these essential processes can be carried out with maximal efficiency and minimal impact on the environment. A particular aspect of multiphase flow in porous media that is in urgent need of more research is the impact of wettability (i.e. the affinity of the solid to a fluid) on the flow behavior. Although it is well-known that wettability can vary drastically depending on the type of media and pore fluids, the physical mechanisms associated with wettability control remain poorly understood. The proposed research program is designed to advance our understanding of wettability control on multiphase flow in porous media across different scales. Specifically, the research program consists of three interrelated focus areas. Focus Area I will use quasi-2D micro-and nano-fluidic devices with controlled wettability to investigate the pore-scale physics; Focus Area II will leverage powerful synchrotron X-ray and neutron sources to visualize flow in 3D samples via micro-CT; Focus Area III will develop novel pore-scale mathematical models that capture the complex physics of wetting. The proposed research program represents a unique contribution to the study of multiphase flow in porous media by leveraging the applicant's expertise in a variety of experimental and numerical techniques. Additionally, it will provide highly qualified personnels (HQPs) with specialized training that is tailored to meet the rising demand of Canadian energy and environment sectors. Overall, today's fast-changing global energy landscape requires Canadian companies to become technical leaders of multiphase flow in porous media. The proposed research program will fill key knowledge gaps in how wettability impacts multiphase flow in the subsurface. The research results will enable Canadian companies to design processes that harness wettability control, leading to more efficient energy production and less adverse environmental impact.