Seismic fragility, loss, and resilience assessment of Canada's bridge infrastructure

加拿大桥梁基础设施的地震脆弱性、损失和复原力评估

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04156
• 负责人: Xie, Yazhou
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=739482
• 关键词: Seismic; fragility; loss; resilience; assessment

Both southwestern British Columbia (BC) and St. Lawrence Valley are at significant risk of a strong earthquake. Bridge structures in these regions are seismically vulnerable due to aging and deterioration, outdated design and deferred maintenance. For example, nearly 40% of BC highway bridges were built before the first probabilistic seismic hazard map has been developed [1]. Moreover, the transportation infrastructure in BC and Quebec consists of a diverse collection of bridges that vary in material, type, connectivity, geometry and design details. Given the complexity, existing research falls short of providing a comprehensive, consistent and reliable seismic assessment of the bridge inventories in West and East Canada. The proposed program aims to enhance the seismic resilience of Canada's transportation infrastructure. An integrated framework to assess the seismic fragility, loss and resilience of regional bridge systems in BC and Quebec will be developed to achieve this goal. First, high-resolution bridge inventory databases will be built by surveying a large number of drawing files from British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure (BCMoT) and Transports Quebec (MTQ), respectively. Second, high-fidelity response and capacity models will be developed in OpenSees (an open access software for seismic analysis) for various types of bridge components that incorporate nonlinear behaviours, design variations and different sources of uncertainties. Third, machine learning tools will be developed to group bridges with similar seismic performance, through which the bridge inventory will be sub-divided into several representative bridge systems (RBSs). Class fragilities and parameterized fragility models will be derived to represent the damage potential of grouped and individual bridges, respectively. Last, a web-based survey will be devised to quantify the relationships between component damage and expected seismic losses due to closure decisions and repair procedures. Response data from the survey will be utilized to perform seismic loss and resilience assessment for each RBS. The success of this program will bear a profound impact on the improvement of current design practices and provide bridge engineers with improved situational awareness on the seismic risk of Canada's bridge infrastructure. The proposed research will enable a more effective post-hazard emergency response and a faster restoration of network mobility. It will support planning, retrofit and risk mitigation decisions regarding the allocation of limited resources to maximize the seismic resilience of bridge networks. The developed frameworks and methodologies can be congruently applied to other structural systems when subjected to different types of natural hazards. The research will provide interdisciplinary training for HQP and an opportunity to teach a diverse student body about the role of science and engineering in improving the infrastructure resilience.

不列颠哥伦比亚省西南部和圣劳伦斯山谷都面临着发生强烈地震的巨大风险。这些地区的桥梁结构由于老化和劣化、过时的设计和延迟维护而容易受到地震的影响。例如，近40%的不列颠哥伦比亚省公路桥梁是在第一个概率地震危险图制定之前建成的[1]。此外，不列颠哥伦比亚省和魁北克省的交通基础设施由不同的桥梁组成，这些桥梁在材料、类型、连通性、几何形状和设计细节上各不相同。鉴于复杂性，现有研究不能对加拿大西部和东部的桥梁库存提供全面、一致和可靠的地震评估。拟议中的计划旨在增强加拿大交通基础设施的抗震能力。为实现这一目标，将制定一个综合框架，以评估不列颠哥伦比亚省和魁北克省区域桥梁系统的地震脆弱性、损失和复原力。首先，通过调查不列颠哥伦比亚省交通和基础设施部(BCMoT)和魁北克交通部(MTQ)的大量图纸文件，建立高分辨率桥梁清单数据库。其次，将在OpenSees(一种开放获取的地震分析软件)中为各种类型的桥梁部件开发高保真响应和能力模型，这些部件包括非线性行为、设计变化和不同来源的不确定因素。第三，开发机器学习工具对抗震性能相近的桥梁进行分组，通过机器学习工具将桥梁库存细分为几个具有代表性的桥梁系统(RBSS)。将推导出类别易损性和参数易损性模型，以分别表示成组桥梁和单个桥梁的损伤潜力。最后，将设计一项基于网络的调查，以量化组件损坏与由于关闭决定和维修程序而造成的预期地震损失之间的关系。调查的响应数据将被用于对每个苏格兰皇家银行进行地震损失和恢复能力评估。该项目的成功将对改进目前的设计实践产生深远的影响，并为桥梁工程师提供对加拿大桥梁基础设施地震风险的更好的情境意识。拟议的研究将使灾害后应急反应更有效，并更快地恢复网络移动性。它将支持有关分配有限资源的规划、翻新和风险缓解决策，以最大限度地提高桥梁网络的地震复原力。当遇到不同类型的自然灾害时，所开发的框架和方法可同时适用于其他结构系统。这项研究将为HQP提供跨学科培训，并有机会向不同的学生群体传授科学和工程在提高基础设施弹性方面的作用。