Surrogate Based Automated Tuning of Microwave Devices and Systems

该研究计划的主要目标是研究基于代理的自动调谐系统，用于调谐非常复杂的微波设备和系统，以取代现有的使用高技能的人类专家来执行调谐的做法。微波设备在包括有线和5G网络、空中和地面雷达系统、医学成像系统和传感器应用在内的通信系统的运行中至关重要。由于制造和材料公差的原因，这些器件中的大多数都需要进行某种形式的制造后调整，以满足每个系统的特定要求。目前的做法是使用高技能的人类专家来处理具有50个调谐元件的非常复杂的设备，或者使用计算机辅助调谐(CAT)系统来处理具有单一调谐目标和很少的调谐元件的简单设备。这项研究计划建议研究新的CAT系统，以提高设备和系统的性能，并减少调谐时间和相关费用。这项研究计划中提出的研究工作是新颖的，因为实现隐式空间映射(ISM)技术的基于代理的调谐算法将首次被研究和实施，以完全自动化具有50个调谐元件的非常复杂的器件的调谐，自动化具有离散调谐元件的器件的调谐，自动化具有永久调谐的器件的调谐，以及自动化具有多种调谐规格的放大器电路的调谐。拟议的CAT系统将利用众所周知的ISM技术，该技术传统上用于微波器件的设计和优化。对于这些调谐系统，在实施ISM技术时，制作的微波器件将取代精细模型电磁(EM)模拟器结构。在为高素质人才(HQP)提供培训的同时，本研究计划的主要目标是：(1)提出、调查、开发和验证：(1)用于调谐三维微波结构和具有大量调谐元件(50个调谐元件)的微带电路的新型空间映射代理模型、参数提取和映射技术；(2)用于调谐微波器件的空间映射(SM)技术中的新更新程序，该技术利用离散的调谐值和/或永久的单向调谐；以及(3)使用多目标优化技术的新型基于代理的微波放大器自动调谐系统。将这项技术转让给加拿大工业将节省培训目前为这些类型的微波设备进行调谐的高技能人类专家的时间和费用。这些CAT系统的集成将缩短设备和系统的制造和组装时间，使业界能够更快地将新设计推向市场，并为现有设计提供更具成本效益的方式。

The main goal of this research program is to investigate surrogate based automated tuning systems for tuning very complex microwave devices and systems to replace the existing practice of using highly skilled human experts to perform the tuning. Microwave devices are essential in the operation of communication systems including wired and 5G networks, air and ground-based radar systems, medical imaging systems and sensor applications. The majority of these devices require some form of post-fabrication tuning due to fabrication and material tolerances to meet the specific requirements of each system. The current practice is to use highly skilled human experts for very complex devices with 50+ tuning elements or to use computer aided tuning (CAT) systems for simple devices with a single tuning objective and few tuning elements. This research program proposes to investigate new CAT systems to improve the device and system performance and decrease the tuning time and associated expenses. The research work proposed in this research program is novel as surrogate based tuning algorithms implementing the implicit space mapping (ISM) technique will be investigated and implemented for the first time to fully automate the tuning of very complex devices with 50+ tuning elements, to automate the tuning of devices with discrete tuning elements, to automate the tuning of devices with permanent tuning, and to automate the tuning of amplifier circuits with multiple tuning specifications. The proposed CAT systems will make use of the well-known ISM technique, which has been traditionally used for the design and optimization of microwave devices. For these tuning systems, the fabricated microwave device will replace the fine model electromagnetic (EM) simulator structure when implementing the ISM technique. While providing training for highly qualified personnel (HQP), the main objectives of this research program are to propose, investigate, develop and validate: (1) novel space mapping surrogate models, parameter extraction and mapping techniques for tuning three dimensional microwave structures and microstrip circuits with a large number of tuning elements (50+ tuning elements), (2) novel update procedures in the space mapping (SM) technique for tuning microwave devices that make use of discrete tuning values and/or permanent, one-way tuning, and (3) novel surrogate based automated tuning systems for microwave amplifiers using multi-objective optimization techniques. The transfer of this technology to Canadian industry will result in a savings in time and expenses for training highly skilled human experts that currently perform the tuning for these types of microwave devices. The fabrication and assembly times will be reduced for devices and systems with the integration of these CAT systems enabling industry a quicker path to market for new designs and more cost effective ways for existing designs.