Comparative studies of the establishment of sexual identity in flowers of non-model species

非模式物种花朵性别认同建立的比较研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-02431
• 负责人: Lacroix, Christian
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: University of Prince Edward Island
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=741944
• 关键词: Comparative; studies; establishment; sexual; identity

I use a comparative approach to study the structure and developmental potential of meristems, which are regions of actively dividing cells in plants. Comparative developmental studies are used to elucidate patterns and develop testable hypotheses on how genetic pathways can be altered to lead to morphologically different forms. The central goal of my research program is to gain a better understanding of early developmental events at the level of meristems that lead to the form of mature plants organs using species that exhibit uncommon morphologies. My short-term objectives focus on studies dealing with homeosis in flowers. Homeosis refers to the growth of specific types of organs in sectors where they normally don't develop. I will study this phenomenon in two systems: Aroids (Araceae) and Hibiscus (Malvaceae). 1. Cylindrical inflorescences of Aroids: A number of Aroid species with cylindrical inflorescences consist of male flowers in the upper portion and females in the lower portion, as well as a sector of bisexual flowers between these two zones. These bisexual flowers represent a unique case of homeosis where female organs (aka carpels) are replaced by male organs (aka stamens) on the same whorl. 2. 'Double' flowers of Hibiscus: In Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, double flowers produce a number of stamens as well as petaloid floral organs on a donut-shaped meristematic ring normally designated exclusively for stamen production in typical flowers. In both systems, I want to determine if there are general relationships that characterize the substitution of one type of organ by another to uncover potential developmental constraints and underlying mechanisms. Additionally, I plan to identify floral organ identity gene homologues and their patterns fo expression during early stages of initiation and development. I also plan to use sequencing techniques to compare transcriptomes (gene expression profiles) of male, female, and atypical flowers in Aroids. 3. Real time morphogenesis technique development: Although developmental series of floral organs are reported in the literature, they are mainly based on an assemblage of several sequential 'static' developmental stages. There are very few studies that have attempted to document development in real time using a single meristem because of inherent limitations that prevent continuous track of morphogenesis without eliciting damage.  Preliminary work in our laboratory combining the micro culture of meristematic tissues and scanning electron microscopy shows great promise as a useful approach to capture and characterize the dynamic nature of the relationship between a meristem and the organs it forms. The main objective of this study will be to quantitatively analyze the relationships between the size of floral primordia and the size of inflorescence meristem in Aroids; similarly we will also analyze the size and shape of floral organs in relation to the size and shape of the floral meristem in Hibiscus.

我使用一种比较方法来研究分生组织的结构和发育潜力，分生组织是主动分裂植物中细胞的区域。比较发育研究用于阐明模式并提出可检验的假设，以改变遗传途径如何改变形态上不同的形式。我的研究计划的核心目的是在分生组织水平上更好地理解早期发育事件，这些分生物级别使用表现出罕见的形态的物种，从而导致成熟的植物器官形式。我的短期目标集中在研究花中主义的研究上。荷马病是指通常不发展的部门特定类型的器官的增长。我将在两个系统中研究这种现象：AROIDS（ARACEAE）和芙蓉（Malvaceae）。 1。杏仁的圆柱花序：许多具有圆柱花序的芳族种类由上部的雄花和下部的妇女组成，以及这两个区域之间的双性恋花。这些双性恋花代表了一个独特的蛇毒病例，其中雌性器官（又名皮肤）被同一Whatl上的雄性器官（又称雄蕊）取代。 2。芙蓉的“双”花：在芙蓉罗萨西尼斯中，双花产生了许多雄蕊以及在两个系统中通常指定的甜甜圈形的分生戒指上的花序器官，我想确定是否有一种经典关系来替代一种类型的有机关系，以揭示一种可能替代潜在的开发构成的构造机构和不足的机制。此外，我计划在开始和发育的早期阶段确定花卉器官识别基因同源物及其模式。我还计划使用测序技术比较转录组（基因表达曲线）3。实时形态发生技术的发展：尽管文献中报告了花卉器官的发展系列，但它们主要基于几个顺序“静态”发展阶段的组合。很少有研究试图使用单个分生组织实时记录发展，因为继承的局限性可以防止在不引起损害的情况下连续跟踪形态发生。在我们的实验室中，结合分生组织组织和扫描电子显微镜的微观培养的初步工作显示出巨大的希望，是一种有用的方法，是捕获和表征分生组织与其形成的器官之间关系的动态性质的有用方法。这项研究的主要目的是定量分析花卉原始的大小与芳香族中花序分生的大小之间的关系。同样，我们还将分析花卉器官的大小和形状，相对于芙蓉花生分生组织的大小和形状。