Electrokinetic-assisted phytoremediation of polluted sites

污染场地动电辅助植物修复

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-04271
• 负责人: Mohamedelhassan, Eltayeb
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: Lakehead University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=742885
• 关键词: Electrokinetic; assisted; phytoremediation; polluted; sites

The contamination of soils from anthropogenic and natural sources is a serious environmental problem that is growing around the world. Common pollutants are heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and solvents. Pollutants can spread by seepage to the surrounding areas and become a health hazard for human and ecological receptors. Numerous technologies have been developed to remediate contaminated sites; however, their applicability is often limited to a single type of contaminant or a narrow range of site conditions. The cleanup of contaminated sites therefore involves expensive and time-consuming tasks as many sites contain several pollutants. Some remediation technologies such as soil washing and in situ flushing require introduction of chemical reagents, which are difficult to deliver in heterogeneous and low permeability soils. Also, solidification and stabilization treatment are so intense that they dramatically change the properties of the soil. Phytoremediation is a green technology for restoring contaminated sites using live plants. It has several advantages: it can be applied in situ over large areas, the cost is low, and the soil does not undergo significant damages. The restoration of a contaminated site by phytoremediation however, is a slow and only applicable for depths within the reach of the roots. Electrokinetic-enhanced phytoremediation has been proposed to overcome the limitations of phytoremediation. It consists of the application of a low intensity electric field to the contaminated soil to increase the bioavailability of the contaminant by electrokinetics while the contaminant is removed or degraded by the plant. Recent studies have shown very promising potential for electrokinetic-phytoremediation technology. However, more research is necessary in order to assess the efficacy and improve the efficiency of the technology before it can be used in situ. Solar energy is an innovative power source for electrokinetic-enhanced phytoremediation. The objectives of this program of research are to: (a) identify optimum voltage and electrode configurations for the technology; (b) evaluate the efficacy of electrokinetics to increase the zone of remediation beyond the plant roots; (c) examine the influence of plant species on the remediation; (d) evaluate the contribution by each phytoremediation in contaminant removal; and (e) examine the use of solar panels for electrokinetic-phytoremediation. The experimental study and numerical simulation carried out during the research program will provide answers that will lead to an improved design of electrokinetic-phytoremediation systems and expedite the transfer of the technology for field applications. This program of research will contribute to Canada's concerted effort to develop green and sustainable technologies.

人为和自然来源的土壤污染是一个严重的环境问题，在世界各地日益严重。常见的污染物是重金属、多环芳烃和溶剂。污染物可通过渗漏扩散到周围地区，对人类和生态受体造成健康危害。已经开发了许多技术来补救受污染的场地;然而，这些技术的适用性往往限于单一类型的污染物或范围狭窄的场地条件。因此，清理受污染场地涉及昂贵和耗时的任务，因为许多场地含有多种污染物。一些补救技术，如土壤冲洗和原位冲洗，需要引入化学试剂，这是很难提供异质和低渗透性土壤。此外，固化和稳定化处理是如此强烈，以至于它们显着改变了土壤的性质。 植物修复是利用活体植物修复污染场地的一种绿色技术。它有几个优点：它可以在大面积上就地施用，成本低，土壤不会受到重大损害。然而，通过植物修复恢复受污染场地是一个缓慢的过程，并且仅适用于根部所能达到的深度。动电强化植物修复技术被提出来克服植物修复技术的局限性。它包括对污染土壤施加低强度电场，以通过电动力学增加污染物的生物利用度，同时污染物被植物去除或降解。最近的研究表明，电动-植物修复技术非常有前途的潜力。然而，还需要进行更多的研究，以评估该技术的功效并提高其效率，然后才能在现场使用。太阳能是电动强化植物修复的一种创新能源。 本研究计划的目标是：（a）确定该技术的最佳电压和电极配置;（B）评估电动力学的功效，以增加植物根部以外的修复区域;（c）检查植物物种对修复的影响;（d）评估每种植物修复在污染物去除中的贡献;（e）评估植物修复的效果。以及（e）研究利用太阳能电池板进行电动植物补救。在研究计划期间进行的实验研究和数值模拟将提供答案，这将导致电动植物修复系统的改进设计，并加快现场应用技术的转让。这项研究方案将有助于加拿大共同努力开发绿色和可持续技术。