Measuring the neutron lifetime with ultracold neutrons
用超冷中子测量中子寿命
基本信息
- 批准号:SAPIN-2021-00041
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 5.54万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:加拿大
- 项目类别:Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:加拿大
- 起止时间:2021-01-01 至 2022-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Neutrons make up more than one eighth of the ordinary matter of the universe. Their fundamental properties have influenced the history of the universe starting right after the Big Bang. Its 15-min beta-decay lifetime, the time a free neutron survives before decaying into a proton, an electron and an anti-neutrino, impacts element creation in the universe, especially of one of the most abundant elements, helium; almost a quarter of the mass in the universe is generated by helium atoms with hydrogen making up nearly all the rest. Using the neutron lifetime together with astrophysical observations, Big Bang element creation models can be tested. There is a large discrepancy between the two major methods to determine the neutron lifetime, the beam method and the bottle method. The beam method predicts a longer lifetime but is only sensitive to the decay channel mentioned above. Bottle experiments measure a shorter lifetime and are inclusive of all possible neutron decay channels. This has recently sparked lively discussion about the existence of dark decay channels that could also help solving one of the big mysteries about the universe: there is more than five times more dark matter in the universe, than ordinary matter, but we have not found it, yet. The support requested in this proposal contributes significantly to the Precision Experiment on the Neutron Lifetime Operating with Proton Extraction (PENeLOPE) which has been developed and constructed at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). The experiment is aiming to improve the precision of the neutron lifetime by an order of magnitude over previous experiments to a level of 0.1 s. A large number of ultracold neutrons (UCN) will be stored in a magneto-gravitational trap. The magnetic field is generated by 24 superconducting coils. The protons from neutron decay will be detected in real time, thus directly reflecting the exponential decay rate of the neutrons in the trap. Using the technique of magnetic storage, PENeLOPE avoids the uncertainties due to (anomalous) neutron absorption and up-scattering that are inherent in experiments with material-wall traps. After a conceptual design and optimization phase of the magnet, which I spearheaded during my time at TUM, the TUM group focused on the engineering and construction of the superconducting magnet. It was delivered in 2020 with cryogenic commissioning and coil training to be completed by the end of the year. The next step is to prepare the experiment for its first data-collection campaign at the Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), France in 2022. The Canadian contribution requested in this proposal is vital to complete the development of the neutronics, integrate the proton detector into the experiment and for data collection and analysis. The goal of the ILL campaign is an unprecedented measurement precision of 0.3 s. To push for 0.1 s, PENeLOPE will be installed at a next generation UCN source, such as the upcoming TUCAN UCN source at TRIUMF.
中子占宇宙普通物质的八分之一以上。它们的基本性质影响了宇宙从大爆炸后开始的历史。其15分钟的β衰变寿命,即自由中子在衰变成质子、电子和反中微子之前存活的时间,影响着宇宙中元素的创造,特别是最丰富的元素之一氦;宇宙中近四分之一的质量是由氦原子产生的,其余的几乎都是氢原子。结合使用中子寿命和天体物理观测,大爆炸元素创建模型可以进行测试。束流法和瓶法是确定中子寿命的两种主要方法,两者之间存在较大的差异。束流方法预测了较长的寿命,但只对上面提到的衰变通道敏感。瓶实验测量的是较短的寿命,并且包含了所有可能的中子衰变通道。这最近引发了关于暗衰变通道存在的热烈讨论,这也可能有助于解开关于宇宙的一大谜团:宇宙中的暗物质比普通物质多五倍以上,但我们还没有发现它。这项建议中要求的支持对慕尼黑工业大学(TUM)开发和建造的质子引出中子寿命精密实验(Penelope)有很大贡献。这项实验的目的是将中子寿命的精度提高一个数量级,达到0.1S的水平。大量的超冷中子将被储存在磁引力陷阱中。磁场是由24个超导线圈产生的。中子衰变产生的质子将被实时探测,从而直接反映陷阱中中子的指数衰减率。使用磁存储技术,Penelope避免了材料壁陷阱实验中固有的(异常)中子吸收和上散射带来的不确定性。在我在TUM期间带头进行了磁体的概念性设计和优化阶段后,TUM小组专注于超导磁体的工程和建造。它于2020年交付,低温试运行和线圈培训将于年底前完成。下一步是为2022年在法国劳埃-朗之万研究所(Institut Laue-Langevin,ILL)的首次数据收集活动准备实验。本提案中要求的加拿大捐款对于完成中子学的开发、将质子探测器纳入实验以及数据收集和分析至关重要。此次活动的目标是获得前所未有的0.3 S的测量精度。为了推动0.1 S,佩内洛普将安装在下一代UCN震源上,例如即将在TRIUMF的图坎UCN震源。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}
{{ item.title }}
- 作者:
{{ item.author }}
数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}
Picker, Ruediger其他文献
Picker, Ruediger的其他文献
{{
item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
- DOI:
{{ item.doi }} - 发表时间:
{{ item.publish_year }} - 期刊:
- 影响因子:{{ item.factor }}
- 作者:
{{ item.authors }} - 通讯作者:
{{ item.author }}
{{ truncateString('Picker, Ruediger', 18)}}的其他基金
Measuring the neutron lifetime with ultracold neutrons
用超冷中子测量中子寿命
- 批准号:
SAPIN-2021-00041 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
相似国自然基金
基于新型co-Neutron-Encoding技术对蛋白质精氨酸二甲基化修饰进行质谱精准鉴定研究
- 批准号:21675006
- 批准年份:2016
- 资助金额:65.0 万元
- 项目类别:面上项目
相似海外基金
Unravelling the neutron lifetime puzzle with lattice quantum chromodynamics
用晶格量子色动力学解开中子寿命之谜
- 批准号:
DP240102839 - 财政年份:2024
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Discovery Projects
Measuring the neutron lifetime with ultracold neutrons
用超冷中子测量中子寿命
- 批准号:
SAPIN-2021-00041 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
Solving the Neutron Lifetime Puzzle -Advanced Event Selection Using Polarized Neutron Decay Asymmetry-
解决中子寿命难题 - 使用极化中子衰变不对称性进行高级事件选择 -
- 批准号:
22H00140 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Challenges in Neutron Lifetime Measurement Using Lunar Orbiting Satellites
使用月球轨道卫星测量中子寿命的挑战
- 批准号:
22K20374 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
Measurement of the neutron lifetime using pulsed neutron beams at J-PARC : Resolving the neutron lifetime puzzle
J-PARC 使用脉冲中子束测量中子寿命:解决中子寿命难题
- 批准号:
19H00690 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
Precise neutron lifetime measurement with a new gaseous detector
使用新型气体探测器精确测量中子寿命
- 批准号:
18J10106 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
Collaborative Research: Preliminary Design of BL3, A New Neutron Lifetime Experiment Using the Beam Method
合作研究:利用束流法进行新型中子寿命实验BL3的初步设计
- 批准号:
1714135 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Preliminary Design of BL3, A New Neutron Lifetime Experiment Using the Beam Method
合作研究:利用束流法进行新型中子寿命实验BL3的初步设计
- 批准号:
1714109 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Preliminary Design of BL3, A New Neutron Lifetime Experiment Using the Beam Method
合作研究:利用束流法进行新型中子寿命实验BL3的初步设计
- 批准号:
1714137 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 5.54万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant