Dynamics of Jets and Vortices: Geophysical and Astrophysical Investigations

射流和涡流动力学：地球物理和天体物理研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04084
• 负责人: Poulin, Francis
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Waterloo
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743690
• 关键词: Dynamics; Jets; Vortices; Geophysical; Astrophysical

The melting of sea ice in the Canadian Arctic is one of the biggest climatological problems we face. The more accurately we can predict the changes in sea ice, the more likely we will be able to develop a strategy to adapt to these changes. This includes changes in water levels and the impact on the Arctic waters and ecosystem. In order to address this climatological issue, the proposed research program will examine some oceanographic features that are paramount in distributing heat, as well as other fluid properties within the oceans: oceanic jets (currents) and vortices. A primary example of a jet is the Gulf Stream, which is known to produce Gulf Stream rings; these are examples of vortices. Simulating the dynamics of oceanic jets and vortices is known to be a very challenging mathematical problem, but the more accurately we can do this the better we can predict changes in both climate and weather. This research program will focus primarily on accurately simulating the genesis, interactions and death of these coherent structures in the oceans. Another aspect of this research program is to the study of jets and vortices in the thin layer of a star (i.e. the solar tachocline). This region of strong shear generates an abundance of turbulence and is known to play an important role in generating the magnetic field of stars. This subsequently impacts the generation of sun spots which, some have claimed, play a role in our changing climate. The proposed research program will investigate the dynamics of the following distinct but very closely related problems: 1) oceanic jets, 2) oceanic vortices, 3) planktonic ecosystems in jets and vortices below sea ice, and 4) jets and vortices in the solar tachocline. Investigating the dynamics of these systems and their interactions will enable the community to better understand how these structures transport and mix heat, and how we can more accurately parameterize their effects in general circulation models. The research will benefit Canada by improving our ability to accurately predict the evolution of the Arctic waters. This will assist in improving our ability to simulate our changing climate, which depends strongly on both the physical and biological aspects of the oceans. A long term goal of this program is to learn to better adapt to our changing climate in the Arctic waters. Graduate students working in this research group will develop expertise in two important areas: 1) using and developing numerical models to simulate flows in the real world and, 2) understanding the physics of coherent structures and how best to model them. This research program will position them for continued studies in academia, as well as roles as researchers for governmental agencies such as Environment Canada in the growing field of climate studies. The knowledge gained will also position students for a variety of careers including Computational Scientist, Data Scientist and Software Engineer.

加拿大北极地区的海冰融化是我们面临的最大气候问题之一。我们对海冰变化的预测越准确，我们就越有可能制定出适应这些变化的策略。这包括水位的变化以及对北极水域和生态系统的影响。为了解决这个气候学问题，拟议的研究计划将研究一些在热量分布方面至关重要的海洋学特征，以及海洋中的其他流体特性：海洋喷流（洋流）和涡旋。射流的一个主要例子是墨西哥湾流，众所周知，它会产生墨西哥湾流环；这些是漩涡的例子。众所周知，模拟海洋喷流和涡旋的动力学是一个非常具有挑战性的数学问题，但我们能做得越准确，我们就能更好地预测气候和天气的变化。这个研究项目将主要集中在精确模拟海洋中这些连贯结构的起源、相互作用和死亡。这项研究计划的另一个方面是研究恒星薄层中的喷流和漩涡（即太阳速斜）。这个强切变区域产生了大量的湍流，并且在产生恒星磁场方面发挥了重要作用。这随后影响了太阳黑子的产生，一些人声称，太阳黑子在我们不断变化的气候中发挥了作用。拟议的研究计划将研究以下不同但非常密切相关的问题的动力学：1)海洋喷流，2)海洋涡旋，3)海冰下喷流和涡旋中的浮游生态系统，以及4)太阳速斜中的喷流和涡旋。研究这些系统的动力学及其相互作用将使科学界更好地了解这些结构如何传输和混合热量，以及我们如何更准确地参数化它们在一般环流模型中的影响。这项研究将提高我们准确预测北极水域演变的能力，从而使加拿大受益。这将有助于提高我们模拟气候变化的能力，气候变化在很大程度上取决于海洋的物理和生物方面。这个项目的长期目标是学习更好地适应北极水域不断变化的气候。在这个研究小组工作的研究生将在两个重要领域发展专业知识：1)使用和开发数值模型来模拟现实世界中的流动，2)理解连贯结构的物理学以及如何最好地模拟它们。这个研究项目将为他们在学术界的继续研究奠定基础，也为加拿大环境部等政府机构在气候研究领域的发展提供研究岗位。所获得的知识也将定位学生的各种职业，包括计算科学家，数据科学家和软件工程师。