Development of Advanced Building Systems with PCM, VIP, and AEROGEL

该项目旨在推进与先进响应式建筑系统开发相关的知识和研究，该系统集成了一些纳米技术和新型建筑材料，如相变材料 (PCM)、真空隔热板 (VIP) 和气凝胶，以大幅减少建筑物的能源需求。PCM 在相变过程中具有较高的潜热，可用于通过增加建筑热容量来减少（轻质）建筑物的温度波动。最近大规模生产的新型微胶囊相变材料有望更广泛地推广采用相变材料的建筑系统，但其在加拿大建筑领域的潜力尚未开发。同样，尽管VIP和气凝胶这两种最有前途的超隔热材料的导热系数都非常低，但它们在先进预制建筑系统中的应用仍然可以忽略不计。该项目将主要采用实验方法，同时也结合理论研究、软件模拟以及技术转让和传播活动。该项目将从PI建筑科学实验室对一些PCM、VIP和气凝胶产品的热物理表征开始。然后，该研究将重点关注透明和不透明纳米技术增强建筑系统的设计和开发。在透明系统中，将测试采用半透明 PCM 的双层玻璃以及在不同空腔中采用 PCM 和气凝胶的三层玻璃。在不透明系统中，将测试以 VIP 或气凝胶板为核心的多层板，以及室内侧不同的 PCM 增强轻质板。空腔内带有气凝胶或作为热断路器的窗框也将受到研究。在该项目的第二阶段，将使用配备原型创新系统的仪器测试单元在多伦多进行现场实验。最后，该项目将涉及在真实建筑中安装一些系统。该项目的主要目标是： - 在加拿大气候条件下开发和测试先进的建筑系统，并评估不同建筑类型的节能潜力，包括建筑改造，同时考虑老化性能； - 培训总部开发新的先进建筑系统，并帮助将最新的材料科学发现技术转移到国家建筑领域。

This project aims to advance knowledge and promote research related to the development of advanced and responsive building systems that integrate some nanotechnologies and new building materials, such as Phase Change Materials (PCMs), vacuum insulating panels (VIPs), and aerogel, to drastically reduce a building's energy demand.PCMs have a high latent heat during phase change and may be used for reducing the temperature swings of (lightweight) buildings by increasing the building thermal capacity. The recent mass production of new microencapsulated PCMs promises a wider dissemination of building systems incorporating PCMs, but their potential for the Canadian building sector is still unexplored. Similarly, although the remarkably low thermal conductivity of both VIPs and aerogels, which are among the most promising super-insulating materials, their inclusion in advanced prefabricated building systems is still negligible.The project will mainly adopt an experimental approach, while also incorporating theoretical studies, software simulations, and technology transfer and dissemination activities.The project will start with the thermo-physical characterization at the PI's Building Science Lab of some PCMs, VIPs, and aerogel products. The research will then focus on the design and development of transparent and opaque nanotech-enhanced building systems. Among the transparent systems, double glazing with translucent PCMs and triple glazing with PCMs and aerogel in different cavities will be tested. Among the opaque systems, multi-layer panels, with VIPs or aerogel panels in the core, and different PCM-enhanced lightweight boards on the indoor side will be tested. Window frames with aerogel in their cavity or as thermal breakers will also be investigated. In the second phase of this project, field experiments will be carried out in Toronto using instrumented test cells equipped with the prototyped innovative systems. Lastly, the project will involve the installation of some systems in real buildings.The main goals of this project are:- to develop and test advanced building systems in the Canadian climatic conditions and to assess the energy saving potential for different building typologies, including for building retrofitting, while considering the aging performance;- to train HQP on the development of new advanced building systems and to help the technological transfer of the latest material science discoveries into the national construction sector.