Advanced Astronomical Instrumentation and Observational Studies of Early Supernovae, Optical Transients and Dwarf Galaxies

先进的天文仪器和早期超新星、光学瞬变和矮星系的观测研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2019-06524
• 负责人: Moon, DaeSik
• 金额: $ 2.48万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743967
• 关键词: Advanced; Astronomical; Instrumentation; Observational; Studies

I have recently established an active instrumentation program at the University of Toronto centered on developing instruments and technologies for near--infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. I also have initiated a new ambitious research program of studying early supernovae using a network of telescopes providing 24-hour continuous sky coverage which is suited for studying other types of optical transients and dwarf galaxies too. These research efforts have come of age and promise bright transitions to the next stages. I propose here to conduct research programs focused on advanced astronomical instrumentation and observational studies of early supernovae, optical transients and dwarf galaxies in coming years. "Advanced Astronomical Instrumentation" I first plan to explore further new spectroscopic techniques based on polarization gratings (PGs) for high-throughput, broadband spectroscopy in the visible--NIR waveband. Recent rapid developments in the field of photonics now make it possible to fabricate PGs that can deliver an almost 100% diffraction efficiency over a broad spectral range. We have recently shown in real astronomical observations that the PGs can indeed achieve higher than 90% diffraction efficiencies over a broad spectral range in the visible. I propose to extend the PG techniques to the NIR regime, e.g., 0.6--2.4 micron simultaneously. Once successfully developed, this new grating technology is expected to dramatically enhance the efficiency of spectroscopic observations in the visible-NIR waveband. On the other hand, our NIR instrumentation group is leading Canada--wide efforts for the development of Gemini Infrared Multi--Object Spectrograph, and I plan to make significant contributions to all aspects of its development. "Observational Research" I am the PI of the KMTNet (Korea Microlensing Telescope Network) Supernova Program (KSP). The KMTNet consists of a network of three 1.6--m wide-field (4 square degrees) optical telescopes located in Chile, South Africa and Australia, providing 24--hour continuous sky coverage. KSP is optimized for detecting early supernovae and rapid optical transients. The program, which started in 2015, has now matured and has detected numerous interesting optical transients, including many early supernovae detected within a few hours to days from the explosion, providing a new opportunity for understanding how supernova explode and their progenitors. I propose to conduct observational research into these transients from KSP, focusing on understanding supernova explosion mechanisms and their progenitors. Additionally, the deep stack images obtained in KSP have detected more than several hundreds of new dwarf galaxies, and I propose to study the properties and origins of these dwarf galaxies. Finally, using the observing time associated with the two NIR spectrographs that I have recently commissioned, I plan to engage in several observing programs assuming a limited role.

我最近在多伦多大学建立了一个主动仪器项目，主要致力于开发近红外（NIR）光谱学的仪器和技术。我还发起了一个新的雄心勃勃的研究计划，使用望远镜网络研究早期超新星，提供24小时连续的天空覆盖，这也适合研究其他类型的光学瞬变和矮星系。这些研究工作已经成熟，并有望向下一阶段进行光明的过渡。我在这里建议在未来几年开展研究计划，重点是先进的天文仪器和早期超新星，光学瞬变和矮星系的观测研究。“先进的天文仪器”我首先计划进一步探索新的光谱技术的基础上偏振光栅（PG）的高通量，宽带光谱在可见光-近红外波段。光子学领域最近的快速发展现在使得制造可以在宽光谱范围内提供几乎100%衍射效率的PG成为可能。我们最近在真实的天文观测中表明，PG确实可以在可见光的宽光谱范围内实现高于90%的衍射效率。我建议将PG技术扩展到NIR制度，例如，0.6- 2.4微米同时。一旦成功开发，这种新的光栅技术有望大大提高可见近红外波段光谱观测的效率。另一方面，我们的近红外仪器组正在领导加拿大全国研制双子红外多目标摄谱仪的努力，我计划对其研制的各个方面作出重大贡献。我是KMTNet（韩国微透镜望远镜网络）超新星计划（KSP）的PI。KMTNet由位于智利、南非和澳大利亚的三台1.6米宽视场（4平方度）光学望远镜组成，提供24小时连续天空覆盖。KSP被优化用于探测早期超新星和快速光学瞬变。该计划始于2015年，现已成熟并探测到许多有趣的光学瞬变，包括在爆炸后几小时至几天内探测到的许多早期超新星，为了解超新星爆炸及其祖先提供了新的机会。我建议对KSP的这些瞬变进行观测研究，重点是了解超新星爆炸机制及其前身。此外，在KSP获得的深栈图像已经发现了数百个新的矮星系，我建议研究这些矮星系的属性和起源。最后，利用我最近委托的两台近红外光谱仪的观测时间，我计划参与几个观测项目，承担有限的作用。