Stellar Atmospheres in the era of Big Data

大数据时代的恒星氛围

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-06017
• 负责人: Neilson, Hilding
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743968
• 关键词: Stellar; Atmospheres; era; Big; Data

In the coming decade astronomy surveys will monitor the spectra from billions of stars in our Galaxy and beyond. From these spectra, astronomers will characterize the properties of stars, including their surface temperatures, gravities and atomic composition to probe the formation and evolution history of the Galaxy; the evolution and creation of elements in our Universe; and the structure and evolution of stars. But, these big surveys rely on our understanding stellar atmospheres and the physics anchoring those models. In the same way, we employ model stellar atmospheres to probe and characterize high-angular resolution exoplanetary transits and optical interferometric observations of stars that are sensitive to the intensity across the stellar disk. The combination of of big spectral surveys in the next decade, such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE), and SpecTel, with optical interferometric facilities and with planetary transit missions such as Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)  will offer novel joint tests of the precise physics of stellar atmospheres. This approach is a novel methodology to bridge two tests of the physics of stellar atmospheres and lead about stars in unprecedented detail. The observations from both methods, spectroscopic and high-angular resolution, rely on models of stellar atmospheres to physically and precisely interpret them. There are currently no open source suites of modelling programs that can probe observations with the high precision. I will take advantage of the abundance of forthcoming measurements by using the state-of-the-art stellar atmospheres code SAtlas to create an open source environment for both fitting stellar spectra from surveys and fitting planet transit and optical interferometric measurements. This allows us to measure fundamental stellar parameters such as mass, radius and temperature along with composition; to more precisely characterize exoplanet atmospheres via transit measurements as function of wavelength; to measure the chemical history of stars across our Galaxy; and probe the cosmology at the local scale. These advancements will allow for dynamic and automated modelling of stellar atmospheres to construct grids across numerous parameters such as stellar surface temperature, mass and radius, and abundance of each element, along with testing additional physics in stellar atmospheres such as stellar convection, rotation, chemical stratification. The astronomy community in Canada has demonstrated leadership in constructing large spectral surveys such as LSST and MSE along with planetary transit observations through the MOST satellite missions and upcoming CASTOR and JWST missions. This work aims to create computational resources for gaining new insights into Galactic Archaeology and for characterizing stellar surfaces and exoplanetary atmospheres.

在未来十年中，天文学调查将监视我们银河系及其他地区数十亿颗恒星的光谱。从这些光谱中，天文学家将表征恒星的特性，包括其表面温度，重力和原子成分，以探测星系的形成和进化史；我们宇宙中元素的进化和创造；以及恒星的结构和演变。但是，这些重大调查依赖于我们的理解恒星气氛和锚定这些模型的物理学。以同样的方式，我们采用模型恒星大气来探测和表征高角度分辨率的超球门跨性别的转移和对恒星敏感的恒星的光学干涉观测值。在接下来的十年中，大型光谱调查的组合，例如大型的天气调查望远镜（LSST），Maunakea Spectroscocic Explorer（MSE）和Spectel，以及光学干涉设施，以及具有行星过境任务（例如传播外科卫星（TESS）的行星过境），将提供新颖的关节型的精神效应。这种方法是一种新颖的方法，可以桥接恒星气氛的物理学的两种测试，并以前所未有的细节领先恒星。来自两种方法，光谱和高角度分辨率的观察结果都依赖于出色的大气模型在物理和精确地解释它们。当前没有建模程序的开源套件可以以高精度进行探测。我将通过使用最先进的恒星大气层SATLAS来利用即将进行的测量结果，以创建一个开源环境，以通过调查和拟合行星运输和光学干涉测量值拟合恒星光谱。这使我们能够测量基本恒星参数，例如质量，半径和温度以及组成；更精确地通过传输测量值作为波长的函数来表征系外行星大气。测量我们星系中恒星的化学历史；并探究本地规模的宇宙学。这些进步将允许恒星大气的动态和自动建模，以在众多参数（例如恒星表面温度，质量和半径）以及每个元素的抽象上构建网格，以及在恒星氛围中测试其他物理，例如恒星构建，旋转，旋转，化学分层。加拿大的天文学界已经通过大多数卫星任务以及即将到来的Castor和JWST任务来构建LSST和MSE等大型光谱调查以及行星过境观察的领导能力。这项工作旨在创建计算资源，以获得对银河考古学的新见解，并表征出色的表面和超球星氛围。