Modelling, Design, and Operation of Multifunctional Solar Systems for the Built Environment

拟议的研究计划的长期目标是研究建筑物和建筑群的最佳能源性能的途径，这些建筑物和建筑群将联合收割机现场发电与热能储存、能源效率措施和最佳控制相结合。短期研究目标如下：1.研究和开发先进的建筑围护结构系统，结合联合收割机的多种功能，以降低成本，同时最大限度地提高能源效率，如开窗系统，集成了透明的光伏层，以产生电力，同时传输日光，也可能产生有用的热量。研究和开发预测控制策略，通过控制主动围护系统（如遮阳和采光设备）来优化太阳能增益利用，以减少电力峰值需求，同时实现良好的舒适性。3.为建筑群或社区制定综合能源设计和控制概念，以确定实现净能源的最佳途径，与第一个目标相关的工作将首先探索不同立面概念的潜在能源性能，这些立面概念通过利用几乎全光谱的阳光来产生能量，从而优化太阳能利用率。电，作为日光，其余的作为有用的热量。将利用集总参数热网络模型，结合光化学发电模型和采光模型，通过综合能源模拟研究有前途的配置。创新建筑围护结构概念的原型将在一个大规模的太阳能模拟器环境室实验室中进行测试。 根据目标1开发的先进主动建筑围护结构原型将用于专门建造的试验室，以测试目标2下的控制策略;该试验室将用于测试集成在其围护结构中的主动和被动热存储系统的组合。基于模型的控制策略将在典型的模拟天气廓线下进行开发和实验验证。目标3主要涉及建立集群能源模拟模型和研究，以开发整合目标1和2的工作成果的最佳能源设计概念。拟议研究的主要预期成果包括关于先进能源积极建筑系统性能的新知识，这些系统整合了太阳能利用、主动建筑围护结构和最佳运行，以及用于高性能建筑群的有效预测操作的适当分辨率的数学模型。这些知识、模型和工具将促进高性能净零能源建筑和社区的设计。

The long term goal of the proposed research program is the investigation of pathways to optimal energy performance of buildings and building clusters that combine on-site energy generation from fully integrated solar energy systems with thermal energy storage, energy efficiency measures and optimal control. The short term research objectives are as follows:1. Study and development of advanced building envelope systems that combine several functions in order to reduce cost while maximizing energy efficiency such as fenestration systems that integrate semitransparent photovoltaic layers to generate electricity while transmitting daylight and also possibly producing useful heat.2. Study and development of predictive control strategies that optimize solar gain utilization through control of active envelope systems (such as shading and daylighting devices) to reduce peak demand for electricity while achieving good comfort.3. Development of integrated energy design and control concepts for groups of buildings or communities so as to determine optimal pathways to reach net-zero energy while having a predictable impact on the electric grid demand profiles.The work related to the first objective will involve first exploration of the potential energy performance of different façade concepts that optimize solar energy utilization by harnessing nearly the full spectrum of sunlight to generate electricity, as daylight and the remainder as useful heat. Promising configurations will be studied through integrated energy simulations using lumped parameter thermal network models, coupled with electricity generation models for photovoltaics and daylighting models. Prototypes for innovative building envelope concepts will be tested in a large scale combined solar simulator environmental chamber laboratory. Advanced active building envelope prototypes developed under objective 1 will be used in a test-room specially constructed to test control strategies under objective 2; this test-room will be utilized to test combinations of active and passive thermal storage systems integrated in its envelope. Model-based control strategies will be developed and validated experimentally under typical simulated weather profiles. Objective 3 involves primarily building cluster energy simulation models and studies to develop optimal energy design concepts that integrate the outcomes of work from objectives 1 and 2.Major expected outcomes of the proposed research include new knowledge on the performance of advanced energy positive building systems that integrate solar energy utilization, active building envelopes and optimal operation, and mathematical models of appropriate resolution for efficient predictive operation of high performance building clusters. This knowledge, models and tools will facilitate the design of high performance net-zero energy buildings and communities.