Bio-Sourced/Natural Intermediates to Dyes and Pigments: Phthalocyanines (I2I Phase 1).

酞菁是染料和颜料工业中的关键材料，可用于油墨、油漆、纺织品、塑料等的着色，并具有较长的寿命和环境稳定性。酞菁最初是在20世纪初被发现的，从那时起，工业一直完全依赖于石油碳源的起始化学品和中间体来生产酞菁。我在多伦多大学的研究实验室主要专注于开发酞菁和亚酞菁。由于社会似乎有兴趣摆脱依赖石油作为多种化学品和材料的碳源，我们已经确定并确认了一条从生物/自然来源的碳到完全生物/自然来源的中间体的化学途径，这些中间体最终形成并产生酞菁，与染料和颜料行业中当前的酞菁颜色相似，因此可以很容易地用作着色剂。我们的起始生物/自然来源的化学品将我们带到已建立的中间体，这些化学品是以植物为基础的，因此能够使生物/自然来源的起始化学品非常容易获得。到目前为止，我们已经专注于并实现了通往六个关键中间体的化学途径。对于6/6中的2/2，我们通过化学过程获得了高产量和纯度，这也具有高水平的可持续性和绿色化学。其他四分之四的产量已经实现，但产量略低，有可持续性方面的问题需要解决。因此，对于这个拟议的项目，我们请求支持，以加强所有六个过程的中间体，加强其可持续性和绿色化学，然后将加强已经形成的知识产权(IP)。我们还请求为其他知识产权开发提供支持。我们还将全面建立生物/自然来源中间体的过程经济学，然后将导致与多伦多大学建立工业伙伴关系，并有可能将技术许可推向市场。还有可能成立一家初创公司，向知识产权发放许可证，并成为用于酞菁领域的生物/天然来源中间体的最终生产商。

Phthalocyanines are key materials in the dye and pigment industry that enable the colouring of inks, paints, textiles, plastics etc. and have extensive lifetime and environmental stability. Phthalocyanines were originally identified in the early 1900s and since then industry has been fully reliant on petroleum carbon sourced starting chemicals and intermediates to yield phthalocyanines. My Research Laboratory at the University of Toronto has a main focal point on the development of phthalocyanines and subphthalocyanines.As society appears interested in moving away from reliance on petroleum as a carbon source for multiple chemicals and materials, we have identified and confirmed a chemical pathway from bio-/naturally sourced carbons to fully bio-/naturally sourced intermediates that then ultimately form and yield phthalocyanines and are analogous to current colours of phthalocyanines in the dye and pigment industry and therefore can be easily adopted as colourants. Our starting bio-/naturally source chemicals that take us to the established intermediates are plant based and are therefore able to make the bio-/naturally sourced starting chemical very available. To date we have focused on and achieved the chemical pathway to six/6 key intermediates. For two/2 of the six/6, we have achieved high yields and purities via a chemical process, which also has high level of sustainability and green chemistry. The other four/4 have been achieved, yet have modestly lower yields and have sustainability aspects to address. Therefore, for this proposed project we are requesting support to firm up all six/6 processes to the intermediates, firm up their sustainability and green chemistry and will then strengthen the intellectual property (IP) that has been formed. We also request support for additional IP development. We will also fully establish the economics of the processes to the bio-/naturally sourced intermediates and will then lead to industrial partnerships with the University of Toronto and potential for the licensing of the technology to market. There is also a possibility to form a start-up company that would license the IP, and be the ultimate producers of the bio-/naturally sourced intermediates to the phthalocyanine space.