Environmental chambers to study surface emissions of reactive gases impacting climate, agriculture, and air quality

在加拿大，空气污染对健康和经济有重大影响。尽管加拿大城市的空气质量有所改善，但它仍然是一个大问题。加拿大卫生部估计，2021年加拿大的空气质量成本表明，全国生产力损失达1140亿加元（占国内生产总值的5.6%），并导致1.53万人过早死亡。污染也增加了农业成本。加拿大有一个庞大的农业部门（2015年为490亿美元，占GDP的2.6%），它依赖于固定氮肥，这是农民的外部成本。提高对氮作为反应性和温室流失到大气中的认识，有助于确定减少土壤中氮的使用和释放的最佳做法。此外，农业肥料的价值也出现了波动，预计到2022年，其成本将增加50 - 250%，这突显了在供应链从大流行中断中恢复以及全球社会转向应对气候变化的社会影响之际，为农业部门提供稳定的经济需求。本提案的项目目标和预期成果是经济、环境保护和改善人类健康之间罕见的三赢局面。约克大学的VandenBoer教授、美国达特茅斯的Eosense公司和加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉的Picarro公司之间的合作将创建一个完整的现场部署室和多路传输平台系统，通过首次从热点环境表面农业土壤中实时同时观测大量含氮气体（NO, NO2， HONO， NH3和N2O）的释放，进行试点和密集现场观测。这种伙伴关系将独立验证新的商业产品，在世界上最大的地球科学会议上分享发现，并最终发表同行评审的出版物，以满足科学和政府研究的严格要求，以及需要这种新的现场工具的监测社区。

There are major health and economic impacts of air pollution in Canada. Although air quality has improved in Canadian cities, it remains a large problem. Air quality in Canada costs for 2021 estimated by Health Canada suggest $114 billion in lost productivity nationwide (5.6% of GDP) with an associated 15 300 premature deaths. Pollution creates agricultural costs as well. Canada has a large agricultural sector ($49 billion in 2015; 2.6 % of GDP), which is reliant on fixed-nitrogen fertilizers that are external costs to farmers. Improved understanding of nitrogen losses to the atmosphere as reactive and greenhouse can help identify best practices for reducing nitrogen use and release from soils. In addition, volatility has been seen in the value of agricultural fertilizers with projected cost increases of >250 % for 2022, emphasizing the economic need to provide stability to the agricultural sector as supply chains recover from pandemic disruptions and the global community shifts to address the societal impacts of climate change. The project goals and anticipated outcomes from this proposal are a rare win-win-win scenario between the economy, environmental protection, and improving human health. This collaboration between Prof. VandenBoer at York University, Eosense Inc in Dartmouth, NS, and Picarro Inc in Santa Clara, CA will create a complete system of field-deployable chamber and multiplexing platforms to conduct pilot and intensive field observations with the first ever real-time simultaneous observations of an expansive nitrogenous gas suite (NO, NO2, HONO, NH3 and N2O) from a hotspot environmental surface for their release, agricultural soils. This partnership will independently validate the new commercial product, share findings at the world's biggest earth science meetings, and culminate in peer-reviewed publications to meet the exacting requirements of scientific and government research and monitoring communities in need of such new field tools.