Arsenic transformations in the terrestrial environment

陆地环境中砷的转化

基本信息

批准号：
RGPIN-2018-04885
负责人：
Koch, Iris
金额：
$ 2.62万
依托单位：
Royal Military College of Canada
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748555
关键词：
Arsenic transformations terrestrial environment

项目摘要

Arsenic is well known as a poison and cancer-causing agent. The proposed research aims to study how the chemical form of arsenic changes from a toxic to a non-toxic form in the environment. One objective is to study the change of toxic arsenic in soil (inorganic arsenic) to non-toxic arsenobetaine in mushrooms. In doing this we hope to isolate the mechanisms that are responsible for detoxifying arsenic and specifically if these changes can take place in the absence of biological organisms. The second objective is to determine if these detoxifying mechanisms also take place in peat bogs in Canada, as a recent study suggests that peat bogs may represent the only other terrestrial compartment besides mushrooms with significant amounts of arsenobetaine. The third objective is to develop a method of looking for non-toxic arsenobetaine in the previous experiments and in environmental samples using a field portable instrument that is cost-effective and quick. For these studies, in addition to the field portable method that will be developed, synchrotron-based X-ray analysis methods (called X-ray absorption spectroscopy) will be used for the measurement of arsenic species in samples, complemented by conventional testing methods that can be done in our laboratory. The proposed work will give insight into how the hazardous effects of arsenic can be ameliorated or managed through detoxification, and a greater fundamental understanding of how arsenic behaves in the environment.

砷被称为毒药和引起癌症的剂。拟议的研究旨在研究砷的化学形式如何在环境中从毒性变为无毒形式。一个目的是研究土壤中有毒砷（无机砷）向蘑菇中无毒砷的变化。在这样做的过程中，我们希望隔离导致砷排毒的机制，特别是如果在没有生物生物体的情况下可以进行这些变化。第二个目的是确定这些排毒机制是否也发生在加拿大的泥炭沼泽中，因为最近的一项研究表明，除了大量的Arsenobetaine之外，泥炭沼泽可能代表了唯一的其他陆地室。第三个目标是开发一种在先前的实验中和环境样品中使用一种具有成本效益和快速的现场便携式仪器中寻找无毒砷的方法。对于这些研究，除了要开发的现场便携式方法外，基于同步加速器的X射线分析方法（称为X射线吸收光谱）将用于样品中砷物种的测量，并通过常规测试方法互补，可以在我们的实验室中进行。拟议的工作将深入了解如何通过排毒来改善或管理砷的危险影响，以及对砷在环境中的表现有更大的基本了解。