Novel approaches to metal free catalysis

无金属催化的新方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-02835
• 负责人: Fontaine, FrédéricGeorges
• 金额: $ 5.76万
• 依托单位: Université Laval
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=748673
• 关键词: Novel; approaches; metal; free; catalysis

The research proposed here will explore boron architectures to develop innovative catalytic processes that offer unique reactivity not accessible to transition metal (TM) catalysts, notably in C-H functionalization processes. Our long-term goal is to refine this knowledge to develop unique catalytic concepts that will simplify catalyst development and for catalytic processes that will be readily usable by end users (academic and industrial researchers) at a minimal cost, while respecting the guidelines of green chemistry (solvent-free, no toxic by-products, simple synthesis). The first theme will involve developing the transfer borylation reaction to carry out the C-H borylation of alkenes and apply this method to generate interesting chemical motifs. The transfer borylation, a reaction we developed in our research group, consists in using one expendable arylboronate (Ar-B(OR)2) to borylate an arene (Ar'-H), releasing Ar-H and Ar'-B(OR)2. By avoiding species with B-H bonds during catalysis, we can borylate substrates that are otherwise challenging to borylate using traditional catalysts, such as the ones containing alkene, alkyne or carbonyl moieties. We also want to exploit the equilibrium observed between two different arylboronates in solution to design active boronate reagents that would increase the catalytic activity when used in substoichiometric amounts. In the second theme, we will develop algorithms that will allow a combinatorial computational approach to frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry and catalysts' discovery. Using our knowledge on the computational design of frustrated Lewis pair catalysts and localization-delocalization matrices, we will determine invariants that will describe the electronic and steric properties of FLPs. We will develop an algorithm that will use a database made of these invariants that will predict the nature of the interaction between a Lewis acid and a Lewis base and quickly predict the FLP reactivity of possible Lewis pairs. This method will be calibrated using calorimetric studies that we will carry out in our laboratory. The last theme consists in coordinating FLPs on carbon electrodes to modulate the electronic properties of catalysts without requiring structural modifications. We want to demonstrate that electrochemistry can be a tool to help quantify the steric hindrance of FLPs and modulate their reactivity. We will notably graft C-H borylation catalysts to look at the effect of electronic modulation on catalysis. We will also develop an electrochemical approach to quantify the steric properties of FLPs.

这里提出的研究将探索硼结构，以开发创新的催化过程，提供过渡金属 (TM) 催化剂无法达到的独特反应性，特别是在 C-H 官能化过程中。我们的长期目标是完善这些知识，开发独特的催化概念，从而简化催化剂开发和最终用户（学术和工业研究人员）以最低成本轻松使用的催化过程，同时尊重绿色化学准则（无溶剂、无有毒副产物、简单合成）。 第一个主题将涉及开发转移硼基化反应以进行烯烃的C-H硼基化，并应用该方法生成有趣的化学基序。转移硼酸化是我们研究小组开发的一种反应，包括使用一种消耗性芳基硼酸酯 (Ar-B(OR)2) 来硼酸化芳烃 (Ar'-H)，释放 Ar-H 和 Ar'-B(OR)2。通过在催化过程中避免使用具有 B-H 键的物质，我们可以对使用传统催化剂难以硼酸化的底物进行硼酸化，例如含有烯烃、炔烃或羰基部分的底物。我们还希望利用溶液中两种不同芳基硼酸酯之间观察到的平衡来设计活性硼酸酯试剂，当以亚化学计量使用时，该试剂将提高催化活性。在第二个主题中，我们将开发算法，允许采用组合计算方法来发现受挫路易斯对（FLP）化学和催化剂。利用我们在受挫路易斯对催化剂和局域离域矩阵的计算设计方面的知识，我们将确定描述 FLP 电子和空间性质的不变量。我们将开发一种算法，该算法将使用由这些不变量组成的数据库来预测路易斯酸和路易斯碱之间相互作用的性质，并快速预测可能的路易斯对的 FLP 反应性。该方法将使用我们将在实验室进行的量热研究进行校准。 最后一个主题是协调碳电极上的 FLP 以调节催化剂的电子特性，而无需进行结构修改。我们想要证明电化学可以成为一种工具来帮助量化 FLP 的空间位阻并调节其反应性。我们将特别接枝 C-H 硼化催化剂，以研究电子调制对催化的影响。我们还将开发一种电化学方法来量化 FLP 的空间特性。