Nanofiltration Fouling Control for Surface Waters with High Dissolved Organic Carbon and Hardness

高溶解有机碳和高硬度地表水的纳滤污垢控制

• 批准号: 577073-2022
• 负责人: Gorczyca, BeataBH
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749210
• 关键词: Nanofiltration; Fouling; Control; Surface; Waters

Potable water from high DOC sources often exceeds water quality standards for trihalomethanes (THMs), which are potentially carcinogenic chlorine disinfection by-products. Dual membrane plants, that combine Ultrafiltration (UF) and Nanofiltration (NF), can remove DOC and reduce THM concentrations, but their NF membranes are prone to frequent and pronounced fouling, reducing their life and performance efficiency, and increasing operation costs. Membrane fouling can be defined as the loss of filtration performance due to undesirable formation of deposits (foulants) on the membrane surface. Fouling due to organic matter and or biofilms is one of the main problems of high pressure membranes like NF. Furthermore, membrane fouling is exacerbated by the existence of high concentrations of calcium and magnesium cations (water hardness). A high concentration of organic carbon promotes the development of microbial communities on membrane filters. Microbes can foul membranes by adhering directly to membrane surfaces, or indirectly by attaching to adsorbed DOC. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) have been reported to mitigate NF membrane fouling. This could be due to inactivating microorganisms and/or changing the properties of organic compounds so they do not adhere to the NF membrane material. The overall objectives of this proposed project are (1) to establish the role of organic compounds and microbial communities in the formation of the foulant on the NF membrane and (2) explore advanced oxidation before NF to mitigate membrane fouling. All samples will be collected from the Brandon pilot plant and a bench-scale membrane apparatus. AOP may be cheaper than methods involving removal of organic compounds that are typically practiced, making the membrane filtration more effective and affordable. Two M.Sc. and several undergraduate students will be trained as Canadian experts on the challenges inherent to membrane filtration-based water treatment, especially for waters typical of the Canadian Prairies that are most difficult for this type of treatment. This research will have a large economic impact for the partners, because the NF fouling problem represents the main operating cost of water treatment process.

高DOC来源的饮用水通常超过三乙烷（THM）的水质标准，这些标准是潜在的致癌氯消毒副产品。 将超滤（UF）和纳米过滤（NF）结合在一起的双膜植物可以去除DOC并降低THM浓度，但是它们的NF膜易于频繁且明显的结垢，降低其寿命和性能效率，并提高运行成本。膜结垢可以定义为由于膜表面上的沉积物（污垢）形成（污垢）而导致过滤性能的丧失。由于有机物和 /或生物膜引起的污垢是NF等高压膜的主要问题之一。 此外，由于高浓度的钙和镁阳离子（水硬度）而存在膜结垢加剧。 高浓度的有机碳可以促进膜过滤器上微生物群落的发展。微生物可以直接粘附在膜表面上，或通过附着在吸附的文档上间接污染膜。据报道，晚期氧化过程（AOP）减轻NF膜污染。这可能是由于灭活的微生物和/或改变有机化合物的特性，因此它们不遵守NF膜材料。 该提议的项目的总体目标是（1）确定有机化合物和微生物群落在NF膜上形成污垢中的作用，（2）（2）探索NF之前的先进氧化以减轻膜犯规。所有样品将从Brandon Pilot工厂和台式膜设备中收集。 AOP可能比涉及去除通常实践的有机化合物的方法便宜，从而使膜过滤更有效和负担得起。 两个M.Sc.而且，一些本科生将接受加拿大专家的培训，讨论了基于膜过滤的水处理所固有的挑战，尤其是对于加拿大大草原的典型水域而言，这种治疗最困难的挑战。 这项研究将对合作伙伴产生巨大的经济影响，因为NF污染问题代表了水处理过程的主要运营成本。