Nanofiltration Fouling Control for Surface Waters with High Dissolved Organic Carbon and Hardness

高溶解有机碳和高硬度地表水的纳滤污垢控制

• 批准号: 577073-2022
• 负责人: Gorczyca, BeataBH
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749210
• 关键词: Nanofiltration; Fouling; Control; Surface; Waters

Potable water from high DOC sources often exceeds water quality standards for trihalomethanes (THMs), which are potentially carcinogenic chlorine disinfection by-products. Dual membrane plants, that combine Ultrafiltration (UF) and Nanofiltration (NF), can remove DOC and reduce THM concentrations, but their NF membranes are prone to frequent and pronounced fouling, reducing their life and performance efficiency, and increasing operation costs. Membrane fouling can be defined as the loss of filtration performance due to undesirable formation of deposits (foulants) on the membrane surface. Fouling due to organic matter and or biofilms is one of the main problems of high pressure membranes like NF. Furthermore, membrane fouling is exacerbated by the existence of high concentrations of calcium and magnesium cations (water hardness). A high concentration of organic carbon promotes the development of microbial communities on membrane filters. Microbes can foul membranes by adhering directly to membrane surfaces, or indirectly by attaching to adsorbed DOC. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP) have been reported to mitigate NF membrane fouling. This could be due to inactivating microorganisms and/or changing the properties of organic compounds so they do not adhere to the NF membrane material. The overall objectives of this proposed project are (1) to establish the role of organic compounds and microbial communities in the formation of the foulant on the NF membrane and (2) explore advanced oxidation before NF to mitigate membrane fouling. All samples will be collected from the Brandon pilot plant and a bench-scale membrane apparatus. AOP may be cheaper than methods involving removal of organic compounds that are typically practiced, making the membrane filtration more effective and affordable. Two M.Sc. and several undergraduate students will be trained as Canadian experts on the challenges inherent to membrane filtration-based water treatment, especially for waters typical of the Canadian Prairies that are most difficult for this type of treatment. This research will have a large economic impact for the partners, because the NF fouling problem represents the main operating cost of water treatment process.

来自高DOC来源的饮用水经常超过三卤代甲烷(THM)的水质标准，这是潜在的致癌氯气消毒副产品。超滤(UF)和纳滤(NF)相结合的双膜装置可以去除DOC和降低THM浓度，但其纳滤膜容易受到频繁且明显的污染，降低了其使用寿命和运行效率，增加了运行成本。膜污染可以定义为由于在膜表面形成不希望的沉积物(污物)而造成的过滤性能的损失。有机物和生物膜造成的污染是像纳滤膜这样的高压膜的主要问题之一。此外，高浓度钙和镁离子(水的硬度)的存在加剧了膜污染。高浓度的有机碳促进了膜滤池上微生物群落的发展。微生物可以通过直接附着在膜表面或间接附着在吸附的DOC上来污染膜。高级氧化工艺(AOP)已被报道用于减轻纳滤膜的污染。这可能是由于灭活微生物和/或改变了有机化合物的性质，使它们不会附着在纳滤膜材料上。这个拟议项目的总体目标是(1)确定有机物和微生物群落在纳滤膜污染形成中的作用，(2)探索纳滤膜之前的高级氧化以减轻膜污染。所有样品将从布兰登中试工厂和实验室规模的膜装置中收集。AOP可能比通常采用的去除有机化合物的方法更便宜，从而使膜过滤更加有效和负担得起。两名理科硕士几名本科生将接受培训，成为基于膜过滤的水处理固有挑战的加拿大专家，特别是对于加拿大草原上最难进行这种处理的水域。这项研究将对合作伙伴产生很大的经济影响，因为纳滤管结垢问题是水处理工艺的主要运行成本。