Coastal Environmental Engineering

海岸环境工程

• 批准号: CRC-2021-00325
• 负责人: Zhang, Baiyu
• 金额: $ 7.29万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Canada Research Chairs
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=749285
• 关键词: Coastal; Environmental; Engineering

The proposed research program will continue the development of the unique and vibrant program in coastal environmental engineering with a focus on oil pollution control at Memorial University. Through the integration of microbiology and environmental engineering, a series of bio-products have been generated and integrated with remediation technologies for oil mitigation in harsh marine and coastal environments in the past five years. The developed bio-products and technologies have been demonstrated through multi-scale tests as effective oil spill response options. They are able to contain, remove, and remediate the oil right after a spill and prior to its further transport into sensitive ecosystems and long-term weathering. The Chair's proposed Term 2 research program will continue to explore marine oil pollution towards the investigation of oil mitigation after the application of oil spill response operations. It will help to answer critical questions such as (i) how the microbes would further help to treat decanted water, which is the waste stream generated after mechanical marine oil spill response operations (e.g., skimming) and a technical bottleneck for oil response operations; and (ii) how the natural marine ecosystems, especially the microbes, react with the residue oil after the chemical oil response operations (e.g., application of dispersants). The program will aim to achieve the marine spilled-oil mitigation through entailing the following tasks: (1) generating innovative methodologies and green bio-products (e.g., bio-demulsifers) by microbes for oil removal from decanted water; (2) investigating bio-dispersed oil mitigation in marine ecosystems; and (3) exploring mitigation and impact of bio-dispersed oil in natural marine ecosystems with the existence of co-contaminants such as microplastics. The proposed research will enhance Canada's competitiveness, and create international impacts in the research field by contributing to the knowledge of coastal environmental engineering and generating promising products and methodologies in support of sustainable development and environmental protection along the coastline of the Arctic and Northern Atlantic oceans.

拟议的研究项目将继续发展独特而充满活力的海岸环境工程项目，重点是纪念大学的石油污染控制。近五年来，通过微生物学与环境工程的结合，产生了一系列生物产品，并与海洋和沿海恶劣环境下的减油修复技术相结合。开发的生物产品和技术已通过多规模试验证明是有效的溢油应急方案。他们能够在石油泄漏后，在其进一步运输到敏感的生态系统和长期风化之前，立即控制、移除和修复石油。主席提议的第二期研究计划将继续探讨海洋石油污染，以期在应用溢油应急作业后调查石油缓解问题。这将有助于回答一些关键问题，例如：(i)微生物如何进一步帮助处理倒积水，倒积水是机械海上溢油应对作业（例如撇油）后产生的废物流，也是石油应对作业的技术瓶颈；（二）化学油污处理作业（如分散剂的应用）后，自然海洋生态系统，特别是微生物如何与残油发生反应。该计划旨在通过以下任务实现海洋溢油的缓解：(1)利用微生物产生创新的方法和绿色生物产品（例如生物破乳剂），用于从滗析水中去除石油；(2)研究海洋生态系统中生物分散油的缓解；(3)探讨生物分散油对存在微塑料等共污染物的自然海洋生态系统的缓解和影响。拟议的研究将提高加拿大的竞争力，并在研究领域产生国际影响，通过促进沿海环境工程知识和产生有前途的产品和方法，以支持北极和北大西洋沿岸的可持续发展和环境保护。