SAFE, SUSTAINABLE AND DIGITALLY-MONITORED CONCRETE STRUCTURES FOR SMART CITIES

智慧城市是整合基础设施和服务的城市，通过智能传感器和先进的数据科学，创造一个高效的城市生态系统，将制度、物理、社会和经济基础设施整合在一起。智慧城市中的混凝土基础设施不仅必须安全和可持续，还必须集成物联网（IoT）和信息通信技术（ICT），以实现运营效率、成本效益维护和寿命终结的可拆解性。该提案的主要目标是为智慧城市的安全、可持续和数字监控的混凝土结构的发展做出贡献。这些目标不仅适用于新建筑，也适用于需要恢复其丧失能力的老化结构，以及尚未老化但仍需要加强抵御地震和火灾等灾害的结构。该方案的重点是开发高度耐损伤材料，这种材料利用纳米技术的原理来描述自我修复、智能和低碳行为，并且可以使用3d打印等数字化工艺来放置在结构中。在此过程中，该计划努力整合材料科学，传感器和结构工程方面的前沿发现。该提案侧重于两大领域：第一：它旨在开发一种新型纤维增强混凝土，称为生态友好韧性水泥复合材料（EDCC），具有自愈、耐用、低碳和高达6%应变的损伤容忍度。进一步提出用纳米粒子修饰EDCC的基体，并用亲水性和火山灰纳米涂层改性的废流（如轮胎）共挤再生纤维增强EDCC。在一个应用中，中空纤维被提出作为增强材料

Smart cities are cities that integrate infrastructureand services to produce an efficient urban eco-system that integrates institutional,physical, social and economic infrastructure through smart sensors and advanceddata-science. Concrete infrastructure in a Smart City must not only be safe andsustainable, but must also integrate Internet of Things (IoT) and Informationand Communication Technology (ICT) to achieve operational efficiency,cost-effective maintenance and end-of-life deconstructability. The primaryobjective of this proposal is to contribute towards development of safe, sustainable,and digitally-monitored concrete structures for Smart Cities. These objectives apply not only to newconstruction, but also to deteriorated structure that need to regain their lostcapacity, as well as structures that are not deteriorated but still requiresstrengthening against calamities such as earthquakes and fires. This proposal focuses on development of highlydamage-tolerant materials that utilize principles of nanotechnology to depict self-healing,smartness and low-carbon behavior and can be placed in structures using digitallyempowered processes such as 3-D printing. In doing so, the program strives to integrate cutting edgediscoveries in materials sciences, sensors and structural engineering. The proposal focuses on two broad areas: FIRST:It purports to develop a novel class of fiber reinforced concretes called Eco-FriendlyDuctile Cementitious Composites (EDCC) that are self-healing, durable, low-carbon,and damage tolerant up to 6% strain. It is further proposed to modify matricesin EDCC with nano-particles and reinforce them with co-extruded recycled fibersfrom waste streams (such as tires) modified with hydrophilic and pozzolanic nano-coatings. In one application, hollow fibers areproposed as reinforcement i