The Arctic Ocean to the Labrador Sea - Studies of the Ocean to the North and East of Canada

北冰洋到拉布拉多海 - 加拿大北部和东部海洋的研究

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-04344
• 负责人: Myers, Paul
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=750908
• 关键词: Arctic; Ocean; Labrador; Sea; Studies

The thematic focus of the proposal is climate and ocean dynamics at high northern latitudes, including the Arctic, Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) and the North Atlantic Ocean, in a global change perspective that includes short- to long term trends, variability, extreme events and a marine environment that is being used more and more commercially. The Arctic and subarctic regions are expected to experience particularly large amplitude changes in response to global warming due to feedback processes often referred to as polar amplification. These regions are already characterized by an acceleration of climatic and environmental change. Loss of sea ice and melting of continental ice caps are dramatic and the rate of change unprecedented. Moreover, the excess meltwater routed towards the North Atlantic and Labrador Sea may interfere with the formation of deep ocean water, thus affecting the global ocean circulation as well as the take-up of climatically active gases such as CO2, feeding back on the overall climate system. Furthermore, the accelerated loss of the glacial ice mass in response to atmospheric and oceanic warming may lead to a significant increase in global sea level. The feedback processes that link the Arctic ice, the Greenland Ice Sheet, the ocean and atmosphere remain incompletely documented from observations and are imperfectly quantified as state-of-the-art climate models still fail to reproduce observed instrumental trends of Arctic ice decline. Moreover, high latitude climate change may not be linear and the system might reach thresholds beyond which small change in any forcing can result in amplified response. On a regional level, these changes affect local weather and marine ecosystems (including through changes in ocean acidification), with direct bearing on the livelihood of Northern and east coast communities. In this context forecasting the evolution of the Arctic-subarctic system is an important challenge. Thus this proposal will aim to use historical data analysis and high to very high resolution numerical modelling to examine past changes in the ocean and sea-ice in regions such as the CAA, Baffin Bay and the Labrador Sea, examining key underlying physical and dynamical processes associated with these changes. The long term goal of this proposal will be to work towards understanding how the waters and sea-ice around Canada will evolve in the future (in the context of present and past behavior), and to provide that information to the many stakeholders concerned with such information. Modelling will be carried out using a coupled ocean/sea ice model that also includes modules for the tides, icebergs, and biogeochemistry. This modelling will be carried out in such a way to allow direct collaboration with other groups in Canada (especially within the federal government), as well as internationally.

该提案的主题重点是高北纬度地区的气候和海洋动态，包括北极，加拿大北极群岛（CAA）和北大西洋，在全球变化的角度上，包括长期到长期的趋势，可变性，极端事件和海上环境，并越来越多地使用。预计，由于反馈过程通常称为极性扩增，北极和亚北极区域应响应全球变暖而经历特别大的振幅变化。这些地区的特征是气候和环境变化的加速。海冰的损失和大陆冰盖的融化是巨大的，变化速度前所未有。此外，向北大西洋和拉布拉多海路线的多余融化可能会干扰深海水的形成，从而影响全球海洋循环以及诸如CO2之类的气候活跃气体（例如CO2）的吸收，从而追溯到整体气候系统。此外，响应大气和海洋变暖的冰川冰块的​​加速损失可能会导致全球海平面的显着提高。将北极冰，格陵兰冰盖，海洋和大气连接起来的反馈过程仍未完全记录在观测中，并且由于最先进的气候模型仍然无法再现观察到的北极冰衰落的工具趋势而被不完美地量化。此外，高纬度的气候变化可能不是线性的，并且系统可能达到阈值，超出该阈值，任何强迫的小变化都可能导致放大响应。在区域层面上，这些变化会影响当地的天气和海洋生态系统（包括通过海洋酸化的变化），直接取决于北部和东海岸社区的生计。在这种情况下，预测北极 - 牛的进化是一个重要的挑战。 因此，该提案将旨在使用历史数据分析和高分辨率的数值建模，以检查CAA，Baffin Bay和Labrador Sea等地区的海洋和海冰的过去变化，并检查与这些变化相关的物理和动力学过程的关键。该提案的长期目标是努力了解加拿大周围的水域和海冰在将来如何发展（在当前和过去的行为的背景下），并将这些信息提供给与此类信息有关的许多利益相关者。建模将使用耦合的海洋/海冰模型进行，该模型还包括用于潮汐，冰山和生物地球化学的模块。这种建模将以这种方式进行，以允许与加拿大的其他团体（尤其是在联邦政府内部）以及国际上进行直接合作。