Field spectroradiometer suite for in-situ characterization of plants, soils and peats, and calibration of optical sensors and satellite observations

卫星遥感提供了一个独特的观测地球表面发生的动态变化，是最有力的工具之一，研究大规模的地区，并作出调查结果，不能通过模拟或现场观测。随着卫星技术的成熟，卫星遥感的最新进展提供了窄带卫星传感器，这些传感器在过去十年中发射，并且在未来几年中将发射几个。与传统的卫星成像相比，窄带卫星传感器是一种更先进的技术，能够获得目标特征的详细光谱响应。是的，窄带卫星传感器在环境和全球变化研究中的潜力尚待充分探索。为了正确地校准和验证新的卫星传感器及其产品，需要可比较的地面光谱测量，这些测量只能由现场光谱辐射计套件收集。FIELD SPECTRORADIOMETER SUITE测量400 nm和2500 nm之间的光谱反射率，在窄带和间隔原位和非原位。请求的现场光谱直径仪套件的主要用途是：（1）收集和建立哈德逊湾泥炭地的泥炭光谱数据库，（2）促进设计和开发用于光合有效辐射（PAR）测量的内部光学原位传感器，基于无人机的平台，并与McMaster的光子实验室合作快速评估泥炭土壤中的碳含量，以及（3）发展关于热浪和水分胁迫对野外站和温室环境中植物CO2吸收的影响的假设，以便将卫星传感器足迹扩大到窄带。所要求的设备将是麦克马斯特大学遥感能力的急需扩充，并将促进地面实况数据收集、内部光学传感器的开发（最终将产生商业产品）以及光学数据收集和近距离遥感技术方面的现场高素质人员培训。

Satellite remote sensing provides a unique observation on the dynamic changes occurring on Earth surface and is one of the most powerful tools to study large scale areas and make findings which cannot be done by modeling or field observations. With the maturation of satellite technology, recent advances in satellite remote sensing provide narrow band satellite sensors that were launched in the last decade and several to be launched in the coming few years. In comparison with traditional satellite imaging, a narrow band satellite sensor is a more advanced technique that is capable of acquiring a detailed spectral response of target features. Yes, the potential of narrow band satellite sensors are yet to be fully explored for environmental and global change studies. To properly calibrate and validate new satellite sensors and their products, one needs comparable ground spectral measurements that can only be collected by a FIELD SPECTRORADIOMETER SUITE. The FIELD SPECTRORADIOMETER SUITE measures spectral reflectance between 400nm and 2500nm in narrow band and interval in situ and ex situ. The primary purposes of the requested FIELD SPECTRODIAMETER SUITE are: (1) to collect and build peat spectral database for Hudson Bay peatlands, (2) to facilitate the design and development of in-house optical in situ sensors for photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) measurement, drone-based platform and for rapid assessment of carbon content in peat soils in collaboration with McMaster's photonics lab, and (3) to develop hypothesis regarding the impact of heatwave and moisture stress on plant CO2 uptake in field stations and greenhouse settings in order to upscale to narrow band satellite sensor footprints. The requested equipment will be a much-needed expansion to McMaster University's capability in remote sensing, and will facilitate ground-truth data collection, in-house optical sensor development that will lead to commercial products, and on-site Highly Qualified Personnel training on optical data collection and close-range remote sensing techniques.