Hollow Fiber Coupler for Hydrogen Sulfide Spectral Analysis

在天然气生产、运输和储存过程中，需要对硫化氢（H2S）进行严密监控。这项工作的本质是对精密光谱分析仪进行初步研究，该分析仪可以识别和量化天然气中低至百万分之几的H2S浓度。本项目将采用空心芯光纤和普通光纤熔接光定向耦合器进行现场高效采样和实时光谱测量。特别是，我们将对吸收光谱和拉曼光谱进行光谱分析，比较它们的相对优缺点。为了在混乱的环境中更准确地量化化学浓度，将采用机器学习算法进行吸收和拉曼光谱分析。我们将比较两种光谱方法在混乱环境下的灵敏度、分辨率和检出限，并为Envent Engineering Ltd.的相关产品提供合适的选择建议。预期结果一旦被证明是积极的，将有助于Envent Engineering Ltd.为石油行业提供目前无法实现的精确、敏感和限制检测H2S浓度的能力。该项目的成功实施将进一步加强与Envent的合作，未来将扩展到监测其他化学物质，如甲烷、叔丁基硫醇、甲基硫等。拟议技术的实施将有助于该行业确保天然气中的这些化学物质含量处于允许的水平。通过本文提出的技术对其进行成功控制，将有利于行业降低生产、运输和储存的仪器维护成本，减少温室气体排放源，以应对气候变化。这也将有助于行业遵守政府制定的保护环境的要求。该项目培养的学生将为加拿大工业提供高素质的人才，这对加拿大工业在该领域的领先地位至关重要。

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) needs to be closely monitored in natural gas production, transportation and storage. The nature of the work is to conduct initial study toward a precision spectroscopy analyzer that can identify and quantify H2S concentrations as low as several parts per million in natural gas. In this project, a hollow core fiber and a regular fiber fused optical directional coupler will be used to efficiently collect the samples on-site and conduct realtime spectral measurements. In particular, we will conduct spectral analysis on both absorption and Raman spectroscopy and compare their relative advantages and disadvantages. In order to quantify chemical concentrations in higher accuracy in cluttered environments, machine learning algorithms will be adopted for both absorption and Raman spectral analysis. We will compare the sensitivity, resolution and detection limit in cluttered environment between both spectrscopic methods and make recommendations to Envent Engineering Ltd. on the suitable choices for their related product. The anticipated outcome, once proven positive, will help Envent Engineering Ltd. to provide oil industry the capacity to monitor H2S concentrations at a precision, sensitivity and limit of detection that is currently unavailable. The successful execution of the project will further strength the collaboration with Envent with future extension for monitoring other chemical substance such as methane, Tert-Butyl Mercaptan, Methyl Sulfide, etc. The implementation of the proposed technology will help the industry to ensure these chemical contents in natural gas at a permissive level. The successful control of them through this proposed technology will benefit the industry to reduce the instrument maintenance cost for production, transportation and storage and reduce the greenhouse emission source to counter-fight the climate change. It will also help the industry to abide the requirement set by the government to protect our environment. The training of the students in the project will provide Canadian industry highly qualified personnels, which is critical for Canadian industry leading in the field.